In the center of the picture is a view called EMP_DEPT that references two base tables, EMP and DEPT (shown to the left). The view EMP_DEPT is referenced by a function ADD_EMP (on the right), making ADD_EMP a dependent object, dependent on the view EMP_DEPT. Any changes to the referenced tables, EMP or DEPT, invalidate the view EMP_DEPT. When EMP_DEPT becomes invalid, so does its dependent object, the function ADD_EMP.