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Oracle9i Database Administrator's Guide
Release 2 (9.2)

Part Number A96521-01
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Index

A  B  C  D  E  F  G  H  I  J  K  L  M  N  O  P  Q  R  S  T  U  V  W 


A

abort response, 31-13
two-phase commit, 31-13
accounts
operating system
database administrator, 1-10
user
SYS and SYSTEM, 1-11
ADD LOGFILE MEMBER option
ALTER DATABASE statement, 7-13
ADD LOGFILE option
ALTER DATABASE statement, 7-13
ADD PARTITION clause, 17-27
ADD SUBPARTITION clause, 17-29, 17-30
ADMIN OPTION
about, 25-12
revoking roles/privileges, 25-16
ADMIN_TABLES procedure, 22-4
DBMS_REPAIR package
ADMIN_TABLES procedure, 22-3
examples
building orphan key table, 22-10
building repair table, 22-9
ADMINISTER_RESOURCE_MANAGER system privilege, 27-8
administration
distributed databases, 29-1
tools, 28-31
administrators
application, 1-4
AFTER SUSPEND system event, 14-21
AFTER SUSPEND trigger, 14-21
example of registering, 14-23
agent
Heterogeneous Services, definition of, 28-5
aggregate functions, 29-33
alert file
job failures and, 10-10
alert log
about, 5-15
location of, 5-16
size of, 5-16
using, 5-15
when written, 5-17
ALL_DB_LINKS view, 29-21
ALL_JOBS view
jobs in system, viewing, 10-15
allocation
extents, 15-12
minimizing extents for rollback segments, 13-24
ALTER CLUSTER statement
ALLOCATE EXTENT clause, 18-9
using for hash clusters, 19-9
using for index clusters, 18-9
ALTER DATABASE statement
ADD LOGFILE MEMBER option, 7-13
ADD LOGFILE option, 7-13
ARCHIVELOG option, 8-5
CLEAR LOGFILE option, 7-19
CLEAR UNARCHIVED LOGFILE option, 7-7
database partially available to users, 4-9
DATAFILE...OFFLINE DROP clause, 12-9
datafiles online or offline, 11-24, 12-10
default temporary tablespace, specifying, 2-24
DROP LOGFILE MEMBER option, 7-17
DROP LOGFILE option, 7-16
MOUNT clause, 4-9
NOARCHIVELOG option, 8-5
OPEN clause, 4-10
READ ONLY clause, 4-10
RENAME FILE clause, 12-13
tempfiles online or offline, 11-24, 12-10
UNRECOVERABLE DATAFILE option, 7-20
ALTER FUNCTION statement
COMPILE clause, 21-25
ALTER INDEX statement
COALESCE clause, 16-8
for maintaining partitioned indexes, 17-23 to  17-61
MONITORING USAGE clause, 16-21
ALTER PACKAGE statement
COMPILE clause, 21-25
ALTER PROCEDURE statement
COMPILE clause, 21-25
ALTER PROFILE statement
altering resource limits, 24-21
ALTER RESOURCE COST statement, 24-21
ALTER ROLE statement
changing authorization method, 25-7
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT statement
bringing segments online, 13-22
changing storage parameters, 13-21
taking segment offline, 13-23
ALTER SEQUENCE statement, 20-13
ALTER SESSION statement
ADVISE clause, 32-10
CLOSE DATABASE LINK clause, 30-2
SET SQL_TRACE initialization parameter, 5-17
setting time zone, 2-28
system privilege, 30-2
ALTER SYSTEM statement
ARCHIVE LOG ALL option, 8-9
ARCHIVE LOG option, 8-8
DISABLE DISTRIBUTED RECOVERY clause, 32-25
ENABLE DISTRIBUTED RECOVERY clause, 32-25
ENABLE RESTRICTED SESSION clause, 4-11
QUIESCE RETRICTED, 4-15
RESUME clause, 4-17
SCOPE clause for SET, 2-47
SET RESOURCE_LIMIT option, 24-19
SET RESOURCE_MANAGER_PLAN, 27-25
SET SHARED_SERVERS initialization parameter, 5-10
setting initialization parameters, 2-47
SUSPEND clause, 4-17
SWITCH LOGFILE option, 7-18
to enable Database Resource Manager, 27-24
UNQUIESCE, 4-16
ALTER TABLE
MODIFY DEFAULT ATTRIBUTES FOR PARTITION clause, 17-43
ALTER TABLE statement
ADD (column) clause, 15-13
ALLOCATE EXTENT clause, 15-12
DEALLOCATE UNUSED clause, 15-13
DISABLE ALL TRIGGERS clause, 21-14
DISABLE integrity constraint clause, 21-18
DROP COLUMN clause, 15-14
DROP integrity constraint clause, 21-19
DROP UNUSED COLUMNS clause, 15-15
ENABLE ALL TRIGGERS clause, 21-13
ENABLE integrity constraint clause, 21-18
external tables, 15-38
for maintaining partitions, 17-23 to  17-61
MODIFY (column) clause, 15-13
MODIFY DEFAULT ATTRIBUTES clause, 17-43
modifying index-organized table attributes, 15-30
MOVE clause, 15-12, 15-30
reasons for use, 15-10
RENAME COLUMN clause, 15-14
SET UNUSED clause, 15-15
ALTER TABLESPACE statement
ADD DATAFILE parameter, 11-11
ONLINE option, example, 11-23
READ ONLY option, 11-25
READ WRITE option, 11-27
RENAME DATAFILE clause, 12-11
taking datafiles/tempfiles online/offline, 11-23, 12-9
ALTER TRIGGER statement
DISABLE clause, 21-14
ENABLE clause, 21-13
ALTER USER privilege, 24-6
ALTER USER statement
default roles, 25-21
GRANT CONNECT THROUGH clause, 24-16
REVOKE CONNECT THROUGH clause, 24-16
ALTER VIEW statement
COMPILE clause, 21-25
altering indexes, 16-19 to  16-21
altering storage parameters, 15-11
altering users, 24-6
ANALYZE statement, 21-5
CASCADE clause, 21-7
corruption reporting, 22-5
ESTIMATE STATISTICS SAMPLE clause, 21-5
LIST CHAINED ROWS clause, 21-7
listing chained rows, 21-7
VALIDATE STRUCTURE clause, 21-6
VALIDATE STRUCTURE ONLINE clause, 21-7
validating structure, 22-4
ANALYZE TABLE statement, 30-7
analyzing redo log files, 9-1
analyzing schema objects, 21-3 to  21-6
analyzing tables
cost-based optimization, 30-7
application administrators, 23-12
application context, 23-4
application developers
privileges for, 23-10
roles for, 23-11
application development
constraints, 30-3
database links
controlling connections, 30-2
distributed databases, 30-1
analyzing execution plan, 30-9
controlling connections, 30-2
handling errors, 30-3
handling RPC errors, 30-11
managing distribution of data, 30-2
managing referential integrity, 30-3
optimizing distributed queries, 28-47
overview, 28-44
remote procedure calls, 28-46
tuning distributed queries, 30-3
tuning using collocated inline views, 30-4
using cost-based optimization, 30-5
using hints to tune queries, 30-8
distributing data, 30-2
referential integrity, 30-3
remote connections
terminating, 30-2
security for, 23-10
applications
administrator, 1-4
errors
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR() procedure, 30-11
applications administrator, 1-4
AQ_ADMINISTRATOR_ROLE role, 25-6
AQ_USER_ROLE role, 25-6
ARCH process
specifying multiple processes, 8-19
architecture
Optimal Flexible Architecture (OFA), 2-7
ARCHIVE LOG option
ALTER SYSTEM statement, 8-8
archive processes, 5-12
ARCHIVE_LAG_TARGET initialization parameter, 7-11
archived redo logs, 8-2
archiving modes, 8-5
controlling destination availability state, 8-14
destination status, 8-12
destinations
mandatory, 8-16
minimum number of, 8-16
re-archiving to failed, 8-18
sample scenarios, 8-17
failed destinations and, 8-16
multiplexing, 8-10
normal transmission of, 8-14
specifying destinations for, 8-10
standby transmission of, 8-14
status information, 8-24
transmitting, 8-14
tuning, 8-19
archived redo mandatory destinations
for archived redo logs, 8-16
ARCHIVELOG mode, 8-3
advantages, 8-3
archiving, 8-2
automatic archiving in, 8-3
definition of, 8-3
distributed databases, 8-4
enabling, 8-5
manual archiving in, 8-3
running in, 8-3
switching to, 8-5
taking datafiles offline and online in, 12-9
archivelog process (ARCn)
tracing, 8-21
archiver, 5-12
archiving
advantages, 8-2
automatic
disabling, 8-8
disabling at instance startup, 8-8
enabling after instance startup, 8-7
enabling at instance startup, 8-7
changing archiving mode, 8-5
controlling destination availability state, 8-14
controlling number of processes, 8-7
destination status, 8-12
destinations
failure, 8-16
disabling, 8-5, 8-8
disadvantages, 8-2
enabling, 8-5, 8-7
manual, 8-9
multiple ARCH processes, 8-19
privileges
disabling, 8-8
enabling, 8-6
for manual archiving, 8-9
setting initial mode, 8-5
to failed destinations, 8-18
trace, controlling, 8-21
tuning, 8-19
viewing information on, 8-24
AUDIT statement
BY proxy clause, 26-13
schema objects, 26-12
statement auditing, 26-11
system privileges, 26-11
audit trail, 26-15
archiving, 26-17
auditing changes to, 26-18
controlling size of, 26-15
creating and deleting, 26-19
deleting views, 26-20
dropping, 26-19
interpreting, 26-20
maximum size of, 26-16
protecting integrity of, 26-18
purging records from, 26-16
recording changes to, 26-18
reducing size of, 26-17
table that holds, 26-2
views on, 26-19
AUDIT_FILE_DEST initialization parameter, 26-8
setting for OS auditing, 26-8
AUDIT_SYS_OPERATIONS initialization parameter, 26-8
auditing SYS, 26-6
AUDIT_TRAIL initialization parameter, 26-8
auditing SYS, 26-6
setting, 26-8
auditing, 26-2
audit option levels, 26-9
audit trail records, 26-4
database links, 28-31
default options, 26-13
disabling default options, 26-15
disabling options, 26-8, 26-13, 26-14
disabling options versus auditing, 26-14
enabling options, 26-8
privileges for, 26-8
enabling options versus auditing, 26-10
fine-grained, 26-18
guidelines, 26-2
historical information, 26-4
information stored in OS file, 26-5
keeping information manageable, 26-3
managing the audit trail, 26-19
multi-tier environments, 26-13
operating-system audit trails, 26-2
policies for, 23-20
privilege audit options, 26-11
privileges required for object, 26-12
privileges required for system, 26-12
schema objects, 26-12
session level, 26-11
statement, 26-11
statement level, 26-11
suspicious activity, 26-3
SYS, 26-6
system privileges, 26-11
to OS file, 26-8
using the database, 26-2
viewing
active object options, 26-22
active privilege options, 26-22
active statement options, 26-22
default object options, 26-23
views, 26-19
AUTHENTICATED BY clause
CREATE DATABASE LINK statement, 29-16
authentication
by database, 24-9
by SSL, 24-8, 24-14
database links, 28-25
directory service, 24-14
external, 24-11
global, 24-13
operating system, 1-17
password policy, 23-5
proxy, 24-16
selecting a method, 1-15
specifying when creating a user, 24-3
users, 23-2
using password file, 1-19
ways to authenticate users, 24-8
authorization
changing for roles, 25-7
global, 24-13
omitting for roles, 25-7
operating-system role management and, 25-9
roles, about, 25-8
automatic undo management, 2-24

B

background processes, 5-11 to  5-13
FMON, 12-17
BACKGROUND_DUMP_DEST initialization parameter, 5-16
backups
after creating new databases, 2-22
guidelines, 1-7
effects of archiving on, 8-3
BLANK_TRIMMING initialization parameter, 15-13
BLOCKSIZE clause
of CREATE TABLESPACE, 11-19
broken jobs
about, 10-12
running, 10-13
BUFFER_POOL storage parameter
description, 14-11
buffers
buffer cache in SGA, 2-40

C

calls
remote procedure, 28-46
CASCADE clause
when dropping unique or primary keys, 21-19
cascading revokes, 25-19
CATAUDIT.SQL script
running, 26-19
CATBLOCK.SQL script, 5-15
CATNOAUD.SQL script
running, 26-20
centralized user management
distributed systems, 28-27
chained rows
eliminating from table, procedure, 21-8
CHAINED_ROWS table
used by ANALYZE statement, 21-7
change vectors, 7-2
CHAR datatype
increasing column length, 15-13
character sets
multibyte characters in role names, 25-7
multibyte characters in role passwords, 25-8
specifying when creating a database, 2-3
CHECK_OBJECT procedure, 22-2, 22-4, 22-5
example, 22-10
checkpoint process, 5-12
checksums
for data blocks, 12-14
redo log blocks, 7-18
CJQ0 background process, 10-2
CLEAR LOGFILE option
ALTER DATABASE statement, 7-19
clearing redo log files, 7-7, 7-19
restrictions, 7-19
client/server architectures
distributed databases, 28-6
direct and indirect connections, 28-7
Globalization Support, 28-47
CLOSE DATABASE LINK clause
ALTER SESSION statement, 30-2
closing database links, 29-19
clustered tables. See clusters.
clusters
allocating extents, 18-9
altering, 18-8
analyzing, 21-3 to  21-6
cluster indexes, 18-10
altering, 18-9
creating, 18-8
dropping, 18-11
cluster keys
columns for, 18-4
definition, 18-2
SIZE parameter, 18-5
clustered tables, 18-2, 18-4, 18-7, 18-11
ALTER TABLE restrictions, 18-9
columns for cluster key, 18-4
creating, 18-6
deallocating extents, 18-9
dropping, 18-10
estimating space, 18-5, 18-6
guidelines for managing, 18-4 to  18-6
hash
contrasted with index, 19-2
hash clusters, 19-1 to  19-9
index
contrasted with hash, 19-2
location, 18-6
overview of, 18-2
privileges
for altering, 18-8
for creating, 18-6
for dropping, 18-11
selecting tables, 18-4
single-table hash clusters, 19-5
specifying PCTFREE for, 14-4
truncating, 21-9
validating structure, 21-6
COALESCE PARTITION clause, 17-32
coalescing indexes
costs, 16-8
collocated inline views
tuning distributed queries, 30-4
columns
adding, 15-13
displaying information about, 21-34
dropping, 15-14 to  15-16
granting privileges for selected, 25-15
granting privileges on, 25-15
increasing length, 15-13
INSERT privilege and, 25-15
listing users granted to, 25-28
modifying definition, 15-13
privileges, 25-15
renaming, 15-14
revoking privileges on, 25-18
COMMENT statement, 15-40
COMMIT COMMENT statement
used with distributed transactions, 32-2, 32-10
commit phase, 31-11, 31-23
two-phase commit, 31-14
commit point site, 31-7
commit point strength, 31-8, 32-2
determining, 31-9
distributed transactions, 31-6, 31-8
how Oracle determines, 31-8
commit point strength
definition, 31-8
specifying, 32-2
COMMIT statement
FORCE clause, 32-10, 32-11, 32-12
forcing, 32-9
two-phase commit and, 28-36
COMMIT_POINT_STRENGTH initialization parameter, 31-8, 32-2
committing transactions
distributed
commit point site, 31-7
composite limits
costs and, 24-22
composite partitioned tables
subpartition template, modifying, 17-48
composite partitioning
creating tables using, 17-14
default partition, 17-10
range-list, 17-8, 17-15
when to use, 17-7
CONNECT command
starting an instance, 4-3
CONNECT INTERNAL
desupported, 1-15
CONNECT role, 25-5
connected user database links, 29-12
advantages and disadvantages, 28-16
creating, 29-12
definition, 28-16
example, 28-19
REMOTE_OS_AUTHENT initialization parameter, 28-17
connection qualifiers
database links and, 29-13
connections
auditing, 26-11
remote
terminating, 30-2
constraints
See also integrity constraints
application development issues, 30-3
disabling at table creation, 21-17
dropping integrity constraints, 21-19
enable novalidate state, 21-16
enabling example, 21-17
enabling when violations exist, 21-16
exceptions, 21-16, 21-21
exceptions to integrity constraints, 21-21
integrity constraint states, 21-15
keeping index when disabling, 21-18
keeping index when dropping, 21-18
ORA-02055
constrain violation, 30-3
renaming, 21-19
setting at table creation, 21-17
when to disable, 21-15
control files
adding, 6-5
changing size, 6-5
conflicts with data dictionary, 6-9
creating
about, 6-2
additional control files, 6-5
initially, 6-4
new files, 6-6
creating as Oracle-managed files, 3-17
default name, 2-36, 6-5
dropping, 6-11
errors during creation, 6-10
guidelines for, 6-2 to  6-4
importance of multiplexed, 6-3
location of, 6-3
log sequence numbers, 7-5
mirrored, 6-3
mirroring, 2-36
moving, 6-5
multiplexed
importance of, 6-3
names, 6-2
number of, 6-3
overwriting existing, 2-36
relocating, 6-5
renaming, 6-5
requirement of one, 6-2
size of, 6-4
specifying names before database creation, 2-36
troubleshooting, 6-9
unavailable during startup, 4-6
CONTROL_FILES initialization parameter
overwriting existing control files, 2-36
setting
before database creation, 6-4
names for, 6-2
setting before database creation, 2-36
warning about setting, 2-36
corruption
data block
repairing, 22-2 to  22-15
cost-based optimization, 30-5
distributed databases, 28-47
hints, 30-8
using for distributed queries, 30-5
costs
resource limits and, 24-22
CREATE CLUSTER statement
creating clusters, 18-7
example, 18-7
for hash clusters, 19-4
HASH IS option, 19-4, 19-6
HASHKEYS option, 19-4, 19-7
SIZE option, 19-6
CREATE CONTROLFILE statement
about, 6-6
checking for inconsistencies, 6-9
NORESETLOGS option, 6-8
RESETLOGS option, 6-8
CREATE DATABASE LINK statement, 29-9
CREATE DATABASE statement
CONTROLFILE REUSE option, 6-5
DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE clause, 2-24
EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL clause, 2-26
MAXLOGFILES option, 7-10
MAXLOGMEMBERS parameter, 7-10
password for SYS, 2-23
password for SYSTEM, 2-23
setting time zone, 2-28
specifying FORCE LOGGING, 2-29
UNDO TABLESPACE clause, 2-24
used to create an undo tablespace, 13-6
using Oracle-managed files, 3-8
CREATE INDEX statement
NOLOGGING, 16-7
ON CLUSTER option, 18-8
partitioned indexes, 17-12 to  17-15
using, 16-10
with a constraint, 16-11
CREATE PROFILE statement
about, 24-20
CREATE ROLE statement
IDENTIFIED BY option, 25-8
IDENTIFIED EXTERNALLY option, 25-9
CREATE ROLLBACK SEGMENT statement
about, 13-19
CREATE SCHEMA statement
multiple tables and views, 21-2
CREATE SEQUENCE statement, 20-12
CREATE SPFILE statement, 2-46
CREATE SYNONYM statement, 20-14
CREATE TABLE statement
AS SELECT clause, 15-4, 15-8
CLUSTER option, 18-7
COMPRESS clause, 15-29
creating partitioned tables, 17-11 to  17-21
creating temporary table, 15-8
INCLUDING clause, 15-28
index-organized tables, 15-25
MONITORING clause, 15-9
NOLOGGING clause, 15-4
ORGANIZATION EXTERNAL clause, 15-35
OVERFLOW clause, 15-27
parallelizing, 15-8
PCTTHRESHOLD clause, 15-28
TABLESPACE clause, specifying, 15-3
use of, 15-7
CREATE TABLESPACE
BLOCKSIZE CLAUSE, using, 11-19
FORCE LOGGING clause, using, 11-20
Oracle-managed files, 3-14
CREATE TABLESPACE statement
example, 11-10
SEGMENT MANAGEMENT clause, 11-8
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLESPACE
Oracle-managed files, 3-16
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLESPACE statement, 11-13
CREATE UNDO TABLESPACE
Oracle-managed files, 3-14
CREATE UNDO TABLESPACE statement
using to create an undo tablespace, 13-6
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX statement
using, 16-11
CREATE USER statement
IDENTIFIED BY option, 24-3
IDENTIFIED EXTERNALLY option, 24-3
CREATE VIEW statement
about, 20-2
OR REPLACE option, 20-11
WITH CHECK OPTION, 20-3
CREATE_SIMPLE_PLAN procedure
Database Resource Manager, 27-10
creating a database
default temporary tablespace, specifying, 2-24
creating an audit trail, 26-19
creating connected user links
scenario, 29-35, 29-36
creating current user links
scenario, 29-37
creating database links, 29-8
connected user, 29-12
current user, 29-12
example, 28-19
fixed user, 29-11
private, 29-9
public, 29-10
service names within link names, 29-13
specifying types, 29-9
creating databases, 2-1, 8-5
backing up the new database, 2-22
executing CREATE DATABASE, 2-18
manually from a script, 2-5
preparing to, 2-2
prerequisites for, 2-4
problems encountered while, 2-31
UNDO MANAGEMENT clause, 2-24
upgrading to a new release, 2-5
using Database Configuration Assistant, 2-5
with locally managed tablespaces, 2-26
creating datafiles, 12-5
creating fixed user links
scenario, 29-34, 29-35
creating indexes
after inserting table data, 16-3
associated with integrity constraints, 16-11
NOLOGGING, 16-7
USING INDEX clause, 16-11
creating profiles, 24-20
creating sequences, 20-12
creating synonyms, 20-14
creating views, 20-2
current user database links, 29-12
advantages and disadvantages, 28-18
cannot access in shared schema, 28-28
creating, 29-12
definition, 28-16
example, 28-19
schema independence, 28-28
cursors
and closing database links, 30-2

D

data
loading using external tables, 15-35
security of, 23-3
data block corruption
repairing, 22-2 to  22-15
data blocks
altering size of, 2-37
managing space in, 14-2 to  14-7
non-standard block size, 2-37
PCTFREE in clusters, 18-5
shared in clusters, 18-2
specifying size of, 2-37
standard block size, 2-37
transaction entry settings, 14-8
verifying, 12-14
data dictionary
changing storage parameters, 21-30
changing storage parameters of, 21-27
conflicts with control files, 6-9
purging pending rows from, 32-13, 32-14
schema object views, 21-30
segments in the, 21-28
V$DBFILE view, 2-31
V$LOGFILE view, 2-31
data dictionary views
DBA_DB_LINKS, 29-21, 32-3, 32-5
USER, 32-3, 32-5
data encryption
distributed systems, 28-30
data manipulation language
statements allowed in distributed transactions, 28-33
database
granting privileges, 25-11
granting roles, 25-11
database administrators, 1-2
application administrator versus, 23-12
initial priorities, 1-4 to  1-8
operating system account, 1-10
password files for, 1-16
responsibilities of, 1-2
roles
about, 1-13
for security, 23-9
security and privileges of, 1-10
security for, 23-8
security officer versus, 1-3, 23-2
SYS and SYSTEM accounts, 1-11
utilities for, 1-26
database authentication, 24-9
Database Configuration Assistant
advantages, 2-6
configuring options, 2-9
creating databases, 2-7 to  2-9
defined, 2-5
deleting databases, 2-9
managing templates, 2-9
templates, using, 2-11
database links
advantages, 28-11
auditing, 28-31
authentication, 28-25
without passwords, 28-26
closing, 29-19, 30-2
connected user, 29-12, 29-35
advantages and disadvantages, 28-16
definition, 28-16
connections
controlling, 30-2
determining open, 29-24
creating, 29-8
connected user, 29-12, 29-35
connected user, shared, 29-36
current user, 29-12, 29-37
example, 28-19
fixed user, 29-11, 29-34
fixed user, shared, 29-35
obtaining necessary privileges, 29-8
private, 29-9
public, 29-10
scenarios, 29-34
shared, 29-14, 29-15
specifying types, 29-9
current user, 28-15, 29-12
advantages and disadvantages, 28-18
definition, 28-16
data dictionary views
ALL, 32-3, 32-5
DBA_DB_LINKS, 32-3, 32-5
USER, 29-21, 32-3, 32-5
definition, 28-8
distributed queries, 28-34
distributed transactions, 28-35
dropping, 29-19
enforcing global naming, 29-3
enterprise users and, 28-28
fixed user, 29-34
advantages and disadvantages, 28-17
definition, 28-16
global
definition, 28-15
global names, 28-12
global object names, 28-36
handling errors, 30-3
job queues and, 10-9
limiting number of connections, 29-20
listing, 29-21, 32-3, 32-5
managing, 29-18
minimizing network connections, 29-14
name resolution, 28-36
schema objects, 28-38
views, synonyms, and procedures, 28-42
when global database name is complete, 28-37
when global database name is partial, 28-37
when no global database name is specified, 28-37
names for, 28-14
passwords, viewing, 29-22
private
definition, 28-15
public
definition, 28-15
referential integrity in, 30-3
remote queries, 28-33
remote transactions, 28-33, 28-35
resolution, 28-36
restrictions, 28-22
roles on remote database, 28-23
schema objects, 28-20
name resolution, 28-22
synonyms for, 28-21
service names used within link names, 29-13
shared, 28-10
configuring, 29-16
creating, 29-14
creating links to dedicated servers, 29-16
creating links to shared servers, 29-17
determining whether to use, 29-14
shared SQL, 28-34
tuning distributed queries, 30-3
tuning queries with hints, 30-8
tuning using collocated inline views, 30-4
types of links, 28-15
types of users, 28-16
users
specifying, 29-11
using cost-based optimization, 30-5
viewing, 29-21
Database Resource Manager
active session pool with queuing, 27-6
administering system privilege, 27-8 to  27-10
automatic consumer group switching, 27-7
CREATE_SIMPLE_PLAN procedure, 27-10
description, 27-2
enabling, 27-24
execution time limit, 27-7
managing resource consumer groups, 27-20
changing resource consumer groups, 27-21
granting the switch privilege, 27-21, 27-22
revoking the switch privilege, 27-23
setting initial resource consumer group, 27-21
switching a session, 27-21
switching sessions for a user, 27-22
multiple level CPU resource allocation, 27-6
pending area, 27-12 to  27-14
resource allocation methods, 27-4
ACTIVE_SESS_POOL_MTH, 27-15
CPU resource, 27-14
EMPHASIS, 27-14
limiting degree of parallelism, 27-15
PARALLEL_DEGREE_LIMIT_ABSOLUTE, 27-15
PARALLEL_DEGREE_LIMIT_MTH, 27-15
QUEUEING_MTH, 27-15
ROUND-ROBIN, 27-16
resource consumer groups, 27-3
creating, 27-16 to  27-17
DEFAULT_CONSUMER_GROUP, 27-16, 27-17, 27-21, 27-23
deleting, 27-17
LOW_GROUP, 27-17, 27-29
managing, 27-20 to  27-23
OTHER_GROUPS, 27-6, 27-13, 27-16, 27-19, 27-28
parameters, 27-16
SYS_GROUP, 27-17, 27-28
updating, 27-17
resource plan directives, 27-4, 27-12
deleting, 27-19
specifying, 27-17 to  27-20
updating, 27-19
resource plans, 27-3
creating, 27-10 to  27-16
DELETE_PLAN_CASCADE, 27-16
deleting, 27-15
examples, 27-4, 27-25
parameters, 27-14
plan schemas, 27-6, 27-12, 27-16, 27-25, 27-32
subplans, 27-5, 27-6, 27-16
SYSTEM_PLAN, 27-15, 27-17, 27-28
top plan, 27-6, 27-13, 27-24
updating, 27-15
specifying a parallel degree limit, 27-7
undo pool, 27-7
used for quiescing a database, 4-15
validating plan schema changes, 27-12
views, 27-31
database users
enrolling, 1-7
database writer, 5-12
database writer process
calculating checksums for data blocks, 12-14
DATABASE_PROPERTIES view
name of default temporary tablespace, 2-25
databases
administering, 1-1
administration of distributed, 29-1
altering availability, 4-9 to  4-11
auditing, 26-1
backing up, 2-22
after creation of, 1-7
configuring options using DBCA, 2-9
control files of, 6-2
creating, 8-5
opening and, 1-6
creating manually, 2-14 to  2-22
creating using DBCA, 2-7
default temporary tablespace, specifying, 2-24
deleting using DBCA, 2-9
design of
implementing, 1-7
distributed
site autonomy of, 28-24
dropping, 2-31
global database name, about, 2-35
global database names in distributed systems, 2-36
hardware evaluation, 1-5
logical structure of, 1-5
mounting a database, 4-6
mounting to an instance, 4-9
names, about, 2-36
names, conflicts in, 2-36
opening a closed database, 4-10
password encryption, 23-5
physical structure, 1-6
physical structure of, 1-6
planning, 1-5
production, 23-10, 23-12
quiescing, 4-14
read-only, opening, 4-10
recovery, 4-8
renaming, 6-6, 6-8
restricting access, 4-11
resuming, 4-17
security. See also security.
shutting down, 4-11 to  4-14
specifying control files, 2-36
starting up, 4-3 to  4-9
structure of
distributed database, 1-6
suspending, 4-17
templates (DBCA), 2-9
test, 23-10
troubleshooting creation problems, 2-31
tuning
archiving large databases, 8-19
responsibilities for, 1-8
undo management, 2-24
upgrading, 2-5
user responsibilities, 1-4
viewing datafiles and redo log files, 2-31
with locally managed tablespaces, 2-26
datafiles
adding to a tablespace, 12-5
bringing online and offline, 12-8
checking associated tablespaces, 11-51
creating, 12-5
creating as Oracle-managed files, 3-14
database administrators access, 1-10
default directory, 12-5
definition, 12-2
deleting, 11-29
dropping, 12-9, 12-14
dropping Oracle-managed files, 3-21
file numbers, 12-2
fully specifying filenames, 12-5
guidelines for managing, 12-2 to  12-4
identifying filenames, 12-12
location, 12-4
mapping files to physical devices, 12-15 to  12-27
minimum number of, 12-2
MISSING, 6-9
monitoring using views, 12-28
online, 12-9
relocating, 12-10, 12-13
relocating, example, 12-12
renaming, 12-10, 12-13
renaming for single tables, 12-11
reusing, 12-5
size of, 12-4
statements to create, 12-5
storing separately from redo log files, 12-4
taking offline, 11-23
unavailable when database is opened, 4-6
V$DBFILE and V$LOGFILE views, 2-31
verifying data blocks, 12-14
DB_BLOCK_CHECKING initialization parameter, 22-4, 22-5
DB_BLOCK_CHECKSUM initialization parameter, 12-14
enabling redo block checking with, 7-18
DB_BLOCK_SIZE initialization parameter
setting, 2-37
DB_CACHE_SIZE initialization parameter
setting, 2-40
DB_CREATE_FILE_DEST initialization parameter
described, 3-5
DB_CREATE_ONLINE_LOG_DEST_n initialization parameter
described, 3-5
DB_DOMAIN initialization parameter
setting before database creation, 2-35, 2-36
DB_FILES initialization parameter, 12-3
DB_NAME initialization parameter
setting before database creation, 2-35
DB_nK_CACHE_SIZE initialization parameter
using with transportable tablespaces, 11-41
DB_nK_CACHE_SIZE initialization parameters
setting, 2-40
DB_VERIFY utility, 22-4, 22-5
DBA role, 1-13, 25-5
DBA. See database administrators.
DBA_2PC_NEIGHBORS view, 32-5
using to trace session tree, 32-6
DBA_2PC_PENDING view, 32-3, 32-13, 32-22
using to list in-doubt transactions, 32-3
DBA_DATA_FILES view, 11-50
DBA_DB_LINKS view, 29-21, 32-3, 32-5
DBA_JOBS view
jobs in system, viewing, 10-15
DBA_JOBS_RUNNING
running jobs, viewing, 10-15
DBA_RESUMABLE view, 14-21
DBA_ROLLBACK_SEGS view, 13-25, 13-26
DBA_SEGMENTS view, 11-50
DBA_TEMP_FILES view, 11-50
DBA_TS_QUOTAS view, 11-50
DBA_UNDO_EXTENTS view
undo tablespace extents, 13-12
DBA_USERS view, 11-50
DBCA. See Database Configuration Assistant
DBMS_FLASHBACK package
setting undo retention period for, 13-10
DBMS_JOB package, 10-3
DBMS_LOGMNR_D.BUILD procedure, 9-6
DBMS_METADATA package
GET_DDL function, 21-31
using for object definition, 21-31
DBMS_REDEFINITION package
redefining tables online, 15-17
DBMS_REPAIR package, 22-2 to  22-15
CHECK_OBJECT procedure, 22-2
DUMP_ORPHAN_KEYS procedure, 22-3
examples, 22-8 to  22-15
limitations, 22-3
procedures, 22-2
SEGMENT_FIX_STATUS procedure, 22-3
SKIP_CORRUPT_BLOCKS procedure, 22-3
using, 22-3 to  22-8
DBMS_REPAIR procedure
FIX_CORRUPT_BLOCKS procedure, 22-2
REBUILD_FREELISTS procedure, 22-3
DBMS_RESOURCE_MANAGER package, 27-4, 27-9, 27-20, 27-21
procedures (table of), 27-8
DBMS_RESOURCE_MANAGER_PRIVS package, 27-9, 27-20
procedures (table of), 27-9
DBMS_RESUMABLE package, 14-22
DBMS_SESSION package, 27-23
DBMS_SPACE package, 14-25
example for unused space, 21-32
FREE_BLOCK procedure, 21-31
SPACE_USAGE procedure, 21-31
UNUSED_SPACE procedure, 21-31
DBMS_SPACE_ADMIN package, 11-30 to  11-33
DBMS_STATS package, 21-4
MONITORING clause of CREATE TABLE, 15-9
DBMS_STORAGE_MAP package
invoking for file mapping, 12-22
DBMS_STORAGE_MAPPING package, 12-22, 12-23
DBMS_TRANSACTION package
PURGE_LOST_DB_ENTRY procedure, 32-13
DBMS_UTILITY package
ANALYZE_SCHEMA procedure
used for computing statistics, 21-6
DEALLOCATE UNUSED clause, 14-26
deallocating unused space, 14-25
DBMS_SPACE package, 14-25
DEALLOCATE UNUSED clause, 14-26
examples, 14-26
high water mark, 14-25
declarative referential integrity constraints, 30-3
dedicated server processes, 5-2
trace files for, 5-15
default
audit options, 26-13
disabling, 26-15
DEFAULT keyword
list partitioning, 17-13
default partitions, 17-7
default roles, 25-21
default subpartition, 17-10
DEFAULT_CONSUMER_GROUP for Database Resource Manager, 27-16, 27-17, 27-21, 27-23
defaults
profile, 24-20
role, 24-7
tablespace quota, 24-4
user tablespaces, 24-3
DELETE_CATALOG_ROLE role, 25-6
DELETE_CATALOG_ROLE roll, 25-4
dependencies
displaying, 21-34
destinations
archived redo logs
optional, 8-16
sample scenarios, 8-17
developers, application, 23-10
dictionary protection mechanism, 25-2
dictionary-managed tablespaces, 11-10 to  11-12
migrating SYSTEM to locally managed, 11-34
Digital's POLYCENTER Manager on NetView, 28-32
directory service
See also enterprise directory service.
DISABLE ROW MOVEMENT clause, 17-10
disabling audit options, 26-13, 26-14
disabling auditing, 26-8
disabling recoverer process
distributed transactions, 32-25
disabling resource limits, 24-19
disconnections
auditing, 26-11
dispatcher processes, 5-6, 5-10, 5-13
DISPATCHERS initialization parameter
setting initially, 5-6
distributed applications
distributing data, 30-2
distributed databases
administration
overview, 28-23
application development
analyzing execution plan, 30-9
controlling connections, 30-2
handling errors, 30-3
handling RPC errors, 30-11
managing distribution of data, 30-2
managing referential integrity, 30-3
tuning distributed queries, 30-3
tuning using collocated inline views, 30-4
using cost-based optimization, 30-5
using hints to tune queries, 30-8
client/server architectures, 28-6
commit point strength, 31-8
cost-based optimization, 28-47
distributed processing, 28-3
distributed queries, 28-34
distributed updates, 28-34
distributing an application's data, 30-2
global database names
how they are formed, 29-2
global object names, 28-22, 29-2
global users
schema-dependent, 28-27
schema-independent, 28-28
Globalization Support, 28-47
location transparency, 28-44
creating, 29-26
creating using procedures, 29-30
creating using synonyms, 29-28
creating using views, 29-26
restrictions, 29-33
management tools, 28-31
managing read consistency, 32-25
nodes of, 28-6
overview, 28-2
referential integrity
application development, 30-3
remote object security, 29-28
remote queries and updates, 28-33
replicated databases and, 28-4
resumable space allocation, 14-18
running in ARCHIVELOG mode, 8-4
running in NOARCHIVELOG mode, 8-4
scenarios, 29-34
security, 28-24
site autonomy, 28-24
SQL transparency, 28-45
starting a remote instance, 4-9
transaction processing, 28-33
transparency, 28-44
queries, 29-32
updates, 29-32
distributed processing
distributed databases, 28-3
distributed queries, 28-34
analyzing tables, 30-7
application development issues, 30-3
cost-based optimization, 30-5
optimizing, 28-47
distributed systems
data encryption, 28-30
distributed transactions, 28-35
case study, 31-19
commit point site, 31-7
commit point strength, 31-8
committing, 31-8
database server role, 31-5
defined, 31-2
DML and DDL, 31-3
failure during, 32-23
global coordinator, 31-6
local coordinator, 31-6
lock timeout interval, 32-23
locked resources, 32-23
locks for in-doubt, 32-24
management, 31-1, 32-1
manually overriding in-doubt, 32-9
naming, 32-2, 32-10
recovery in single-process systems, 32-25
session trees, 31-4
clients, 31-5
commit point site, 31-6, 31-8
database servers, 31-5
global coordinators, 31-6
local coordinators, 31-6
setting advice, 32-10
specifying
commit point strength, 32-2
tracing session tree, 32-5
transaction control statements, 31-4
transaction timeouts, 32-23
two-phase commit, 31-10
discovering problems, 32-8
example, 31-19
viewing information about, 32-3
distributed updates, 28-34
distributing I/O, 2-2
DML. See data manipulation language
DRIVING_SITE hint, 30-9
DROP CLUSTER statement
CASCADE CONSTRAINTS option, 18-10
dropping cluster, 18-10
dropping cluster index, 18-10
dropping hash cluster, 19-9
INCLUDING TABLES option, 18-10
DROP LOGFILE MEMBER option
ALTER DATABASE statement, 7-17
DROP LOGFILE option
ALTER DATABASE statement, 7-16
DROP PARTITION clause, 17-32
DROP PROFILE statement, 24-23
DROP ROLE statement, 25-10, 25-11
DROP ROLLBACK SEGMENT statement, 13-25
DROP SYNONYM statement, 20-15
DROP TABLE statement
about, 15-23
CASCADE CONSTRAINTS option, 15-23
for clustered tables, 18-11
DROP TABLESPACE statement, 11-30
DROP USER privilege, 24-8
DROP USER statement, 24-8
dropping an audit trail, 26-19
dropping columns from tables, 15-14
marking unused, 15-15
remove unused columns, 15-15
dropping database links, 29-19
dropping datafiles
Oracle managed, 3-21
dropping profiles, 24-23
dropping tables
CASCADE clause, 15-23
consequences of, 15-23
privileges, 15-23
dropping tempfiles
Oracle managed, 3-21
dropping users, 24-7
DUMP_ORPHAN_KEYS procedure, 22-3, 22-6, 22-7
example, 22-13

E

EMPHASIS resource allocation method, 27-14
ENABLE ROW MOVEMENT clause, 17-10, 17-11
enabling recoverer process
distributed transactions, 32-25
enabling resource limits, 24-19
encryption
database passwords, 23-5, 24-9
enterprise directory service, 23-8, 25-10
enterprise roles, 23-8, 24-14, 25-10
enterprise users, 23-8, 24-14, 25-10
definition, 28-28
errors
alert log and, 5-15
messages
trapping, 30-11
ORA-00028, 5-22
ORA-00900, 30-11
ORA-01090, 4-11
ORA-01173, 6-10
ORA-01176, 6-10
ORA-01177, 6-10
ORA-01578, 12-14
ORA-01591, 32-24
ORA-02015, 30-11
ORA-02049, 32-23
ORA-02050, 32-8
ORA-02051, 32-8
ORA-02054, 32-8
ORA-02055
integrity constrain violation, 30-3
ORA-02067
rollback required, 30-3
ORA-06510
PL/SQL error, 30-12
ORA-1215, 6-10
ORA-1216, 6-10
ORA-1547, 21-30
ORA-1628 through 1630, 21-30
remote procedures, 30-11
snapshot too old, 13-9, 13-18
trace files and, 5-15
when creating a database, 2-31
when creating control file, 6-10
while starting a database, 4-8
while starting an instance, 4-8
exception handler, 30-11
local, 30-12
EXCEPTION keyword, 30-11
exceptions
assigning names
PRAGMA_EXCEPTION_INIT, 30-12
integrity constraints, 21-21
user-defined
PL/SQL, 30-11
EXCHANGE PARTITION clause, 17-37
EXCHANGE SUBPARTITION clause, 17-37
EXECUTE_CATALOG_ROLE role, 25-6
EXECUTE_CATALOG_ROLE roll, 25-3
executing jobs
enabling processes for, 10-2
execution plans
analyzing for distributed queries, 30-9
EXP_FULL_DATABASE role, 25-5
Export utility
about, 1-26
restricted mode and, 4-7
exporting jobs, 10-6
EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL clause
CREATE DATABASE, 2-26
extents
allocating
clusters, 18-9
allocating for tables, 15-12
data dictionary views for, 21-33
deallocating
clusters, 18-9
displaying free extents, 21-36
displaying information on, 21-35
external authentication
by network, 24-13
by operating system, 24-12
external procedures
managing processes for, 5-20
external tables
altering, 15-38
creating, 15-35
defined, 15-33
dropping, 15-39
object privileges, 15-39
object privileges for directory, 15-39
system privileges, 15-39
uploading data example, 15-35

F

failures
media
multiplexed online redo logs, 7-5
features, new, xlviii to  lxi
file mapping
examples, 12-25
how it works, 12-16
how to use, 12-21
overview, 12-16
structures, 12-18
views, 12-23
file system
used for Oracle-managed files, 3-3
FILE_MAPPING initialization parameter, 12-22
filenames
Oracle-managed files, 3-7
files
Oracle-managed, 3-1 to  3-28
fine-grained access control, 23-4
fine-grained auditing, 26-18
FIX_CORRUPT_BLOCKS procedure, 22-2, 22-7
example, 22-12
fixed user database links
07_DICTIONARY_ACCESSIBILITY initialization parameter, 28-18
advantages and disadvantages, 28-17
creating, 29-11
definition, 28-16
example, 28-20
flashback query
setting retention period for, 13-10
FMON background process, 12-17
FMPUTL external process
used for file mapping, 12-18
FOR PARTITION clause, 17-44
FORCE clause
COMMIT statement, 32-10
ROLLBACK statement, 32-10
FORCE LOGGING clause
CREATE CONTROLFILE, 2-30
CREATE DATABASE, 2-29
CREATE TABLESPACE, 11-20
performance considerations, 2-30
forcing
COMMIT or ROLLBACK, 32-4, 32-9
forcing a log switch, 7-18
using ARCHIVE_LAG_TIME, 7-10
with the ALTER SYSTEM statement, 7-18
forget phase
two-phase commit, 31-15
free space
coalescing, 11-16
listing free extents, 21-36
tablespaces and, 11-51
FREELIST GROUPS storage parameter
description, 14-11
FREELISTS GROUPS parameter, 11-8, 11-9
FREELISTS parameter, 11-8, 11-9
FREELISTS storage parameter
description, 14-11
function-based indexes, 16-14 to  16-18
functions
recompiling, 21-25

G

generic connectivity
definition, 28-6
global authentication and authorization, 24-13
global cache service, 5-13
global coordinators, 31-6
distributed transactions, 31-6
global database consistency
distributed databases and, 31-14
global database links, 28-15
creating, 29-11
global database name, 2-35
global database names
changing the domain, 29-4
database links, 28-12
distributed databases
how they are formed, 29-2
enforcing for database links, 28-14
enforcing global naming, 29-3
impact of changing, 28-42
querying, 29-4
global object names
database links, 28-36
distributed databases, 29-2
global roles, 24-13, 25-10
global users, 24-13, 29-37
distributed systems
schema-dependent, 28-27
schema-independent, 28-28
GLOBAL_NAME view
using to determine global database name, 29-4
GLOBAL_NAMES initialization parameter, 28-14
Globalization Support
client/server architectures, 28-48
distributed databases
clients and servers may diverge, 28-47
heterogeneous systems, 28-49
homogeneous systems, 28-48
GRANT ANY OBJECT PRIVILEGE system privilege, 25-14, 25-17
GRANT CONNECT THROUGH clause
for proxy authorization, 24-16
GRANT statement, 25-11
ADMIN OPTION, 25-12
creating a new user, 25-12
object privileges, 25-12
SYSOPER/SYSDBA privileges, 1-24
system privileges and roles, 25-11
when takes effect, 25-20
WITH GRANT OPTION, 25-13
granting privileges and roles
listing grants, 25-26
SYSOPER/SYSDBA privileges, 1-24
GV$DBLINK view, 29-25

H

hardware
evaluating, 1-5
hash clusters
advantages and disadvantages, 19-2 to  19-3
altering, 19-9
choosing key, 19-5
contrasted with index clusters, 19-2
controlling space use of, 19-5
creating, 19-4
dropping, 19-9
estimating storage, 19-8
examples, 19-7
hash function, 19-2, 19-3, 19-4, 19-6
HASH IS option, 19-4, 19-6
HASHKEYS option, 19-4, 19-7
single-table, 19-5
SIZE option, 19-6
hash functions
for hash cluster, 19-2
hash partitioning
creating tables using, 17-12
index-organized tables, 17-21
when to use, 17-5
heterogeneous distributed systems
definition, 28-5
Heterogeneous Services
overview, 28-5
high water mark, 14-25
hints, 30-8
DRIVING_SITE, 30-9
NO_MERGE, 30-8
using to tune distributed queries, 30-8
historical tables
moving time window, 17-61
HP's OpenView, 28-32
HS_ADMIN_ROLE role, 25-6

I

IBM's NetView/6000, 28-32
IMP_FULL_DATABASE role, 25-5
implementing database design, 1-7
Import utility
about, 1-26
restricted mode and, 4-7
importing jobs, 10-6
index clusters. See clusters.
indexes
altering, 16-19 to  16-21
analyzing, 21-3 to  21-6
choosing columns to index, 16-4
cluster indexes, 18-8, 18-9, 18-10
coalescing, 16-8, 16-21
column order for performance, 16-5
creating, 16-9 to  16-19
disabling and dropping constraints cost, 16-9
dropping, 16-5, 16-22
estimating size, 16-6
explicitly creating a unique index, 16-11
function-based, 16-14 to  16-18
guidelines for managing, 16-2 to  16-9
keeping when disabling constraint, 21-18
keeping when dropping constraint, 21-18
key compression, 16-18
limiting per table, 16-5
monitoring space use of, 16-21
monitoring usage, 16-21
parallelizing index creation, 16-7
partitioned, 17-2
see also partitioned indexes
PCTFREE for, 16-5
PCTUSED for, 16-5
privileges
for altering, 16-19
for dropping, 16-22
rebuilding, 16-8, 16-20
rebuilding online, 16-20
separating from a table, 15-6
setting storage parameters for, 16-6
space used by, 16-21
specifying PCTFREE for, 14-4
statement for creating, 16-10
tablespace for, 16-6
temporary segments and, 16-3
updating global indexes, 17-26
validating structure, 21-6
when to create, 16-4
index-organized tables
analyzing, 15-32
AS subquery, 15-27
converting to heap, 15-33
creating, 15-25
described, 15-24
hash partitioning, 17-21
INCLUDING clause, 15-28
key compression, 15-29
maintaining, 15-30
ORDER BY clause, using, 15-33
overflow clause, 15-27
partitioning, 17-10, 17-19 to  17-21
partitioning secondary indexes, 17-20
range partitioning, 17-20
rebuilding with MOVE clause, 15-30
threshold value, 15-28
updating key column, 15-31
in-doubt transaction
manually committing, example, 32-15
in-doubt transactions, 31-14
after a system failure, 32-8
automatic resolution, 31-16
failure during commit phase, 31-17
failure during prepare phase, 31-16
deciding how to handle, 32-7
deciding whether to perform manual override, 32-9
manually committing, 32-11
manually overriding, 31-18, 32-10
scenario, 32-15
manually rolling back, 32-12
overriding manually, 32-9
overview, 31-15
pending transactions table, 32-22
purging rows from data dictionary, 32-13
deciding when necessary, 32-14
recoverer process, 32-24
rollback segments, 32-9
rolling back, 32-11, 32-12, 32-13
SCNs and, 31-19
simulating, 32-24
tracing session tree, 32-5
viewing information about, 32-3
INITIAL storage parameter
cannot alter, 14-13, 15-12
description, 14-10
rollback segments, 13-18, 13-20
when deallocating unused space, 14-26
initialization parameter file
creating, 2-15
creating for database creation, 2-15
editing before database creation, 2-35
individual parameter names, 2-35
server parameter file, 2-44 to  2-51, 4-4
initialization parameters
ARCHIVE_LAG_TARGET, 7-11
buffer cache, 2-40
DB_BLOCK_CHECKSUM, 7-18
DB_CREATE_FILE_DEST, 3-5
DB_CREATE_ONLINE_LOG_DEST_n, 3-5
FILE_MAPPING, 12-22
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_n, 8-10
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_n, 8-14
LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES, 8-7, 8-19
LOG_ARCHIVE_MIN_SUCCEED_DEST, 8-16
LOG_ARCHIVE_START, 8-7, 8-8, 8-13
LOG_ARCHIVE_TRACE, 8-21
MAX_ROLLBACK_SEGMENTS, 13-15
RESOURCE_MANAGER_PLAN, 27-24
ROLLBACK_SEGMENTS, 13-15
shared server and, 5-5
SPFILE, 2-47
TRANSACTIONS, 13-15
TRANSACTIONS_PER_ROLLBACK_SEGMENT, 13-15
UNDO_MANAGEMENT, 2-24, 13-3
UNDO_RETENTION, 13-9
UNDO_SUPPRESS_ERROR, 13-4
UNDO_TABLESPACE, 13-3
INITRANS storage parameter
altering, 15-11
guidelines for setting, 14-8
INSERT privilege
granting, 25-15
revoking, 25-18
installation
Oracle9i, 1-5
instances
aborting, 4-13
shutting down immediately, 4-12
shutting down normally, 4-12
starting up, 4-2 to  4-9
transactional shutdown, 4-13
integrity constraints
See also constraints
cost of disabling, 16-9
cost of dropping, 16-9
creating indexes associated with, 16-11
dropping tablespaces and, 11-30
ORA-02055
constraint violation, 30-3
INTERNAL
security for, 23-8
INTERNAL username
connecting for shutdown, 4-11
I/O
distributing, 2-2
IOT. See index-organized tables.

J

Jnnn processes
managing job queues, 10-3 to  10-14
job queues
altering jobs, 10-11
broken jobs, 10-12
CJQ background process, 10-2
DBMS_JOB package, 10-3
executing jobs in, 10-9
Jnnn processes, 10-2
locks, 10-9
removing jobs from, 10-10
submitting jobs to, 10-4 to  10-9
terminating jobs, 10-14
viewing information, 10-15
JOB_QUEUE_PROCESSES initialization parameter, 10-2
jobs
altering, 10-11
broken, 10-12
database links and, 10-9
environment, recording when submitted, 10-6
executing, 10-9
exporting, 10-6
forcing to execute, 10-14
importing, 10-6
job definition, 10-7
job execution interval, 10-8
job number, 10-7
ownership of, 10-7
removing from job queue, 10-10
running broken jobs, 10-13
submitting to job queue, 10-4
terminating, 10-14
trace files for job failures, 10-10
troubleshooting, 10-10
join views
definition, 20-3
DELETE statements, 20-8
key-preserved tables in, 20-6
modifying, 20-5
rule for, 20-7
updating, 20-5
joins
distributed databases
managing statement transparency, 29-33
JQ locks, 10-9

K

key compression, 15-29
indexes, 16-18
key-preserved tables
in join views, 20-6
keys
cluster, 18-2, 18-4, 18-5

L

LIST CHAINED ROWS clause
of ANALYZE statement, 21-7
list partitioning
adding values to value list, 17-45
creating tables using, 17-13
DEFAULT keyword, 17-13
dropping values from value-list, 17-46
when to use, 17-5
listing database links, 29-21, 32-3, 32-5
loading data
using external tables, 15-35
LOBs
storage parameters for, 14-12
local coordinators, 31-6
distributed transactions, 31-6
locally managed tablespaces, 11-5 to  11-10
automatic segment space management, 11-8
DBMS_SPACE_ADMIN package, 11-30
detecting and repairing defects, 11-30
migrating SYSTEM from dictionary-managed, 11-34
tempfiles, 11-13
temporary, creating, 11-13
location transparency
distributed databases
creating using procedures, 29-30
creating using synonyms, 29-28
creating using views, 29-26
using procedures, 29-30, 29-31, 29-32
lock timeout interval
distributed transactions, 32-23
locks
in-doubt distributed transactions, 32-23, 32-24
job queue, 10-9
monitoring, 5-15
log sequence number
control files, 7-5
log switches
description, 7-5
forcing, 7-18
log sequence numbers, 7-5
multiplexed redo log files and, 7-7
privileges, 7-18
using ARCHIVE_LAG_TIME, 7-10
waiting for archiving to complete, 7-7
log writer process (LGWR), 5-12
multiplexed redo log files and, 7-6
online redo logs available for use, 7-3
trace file monitoring, 5-16
trace files and, 7-6
writing to online redo log files, 7-3
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST initialization parameter
specifying destinations using, 8-10
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_n initialization parameter, 8-10
REOPEN option, 8-18
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_n initialization parameter, 8-14
LOG_ARCHIVE_DUPLEX_DEST initialization parameter
specifying destinations using, 8-10
LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES initialization parameter, 8-7, 8-19
LOG_ARCHIVE_MIN_SUCCEED_DEST initialization parameter, 8-16
LOG_ARCHIVE_START initialization parameter, 8-7, 8-13
setting, 8-8
LOG_ARCHIVE_TRACE initialization parameter, 8-21
LOGGING clause
CREATE TABLESPACE, 11-20
logical structure of a database, 1-5
logical volume manager
used for Oracle-managed files, 3-2
logical volume managers
mapping files to physical devices, 12-15 to  12-27
LogMiner
continuous mining, 9-25
formatting returned data, 9-17
LogMiner utility
analyzing output, 9-16
dbmslmd.sql script, 9-6
dictionary options, 9-5
ending a session, 9-28
executing reconstructed SQL, 9-17
extracting a dictionary file, 9-6
extracting data values from redo logs, 9-18
graphical user interface, 9-1
re-creating LogMiner tables in alternate tablespace, 9-11
redo log files, 9-4
specifying redo logs for analysis, 9-24
starting, 9-26
steps in a typical session, 9-23
supplemental logging, 9-19
identification keys, 9-20
log groups, 9-22
suppressing delimiters in SQL_REDO and SQL_UNDO, 9-17
tracking DDL statements, 9-9
using the online catalog, 9-8
using to analyze redo log files, 9-1
V$LOGMNR_CONTENTS view, 9-16
views, 9-15
LogMiner Viewer, 9-1
LOGON trigger
setting resumable mode, 14-20
LONG columns, 29-33
LONG RAW columns, 29-33
LOW_GROUP for Database Resource Manager, 27-17, 27-29

M

managing datafiles, 12-1 to  12-29
managing job queues, 10-3 to  10-14
managing roles, 25-6
managing sequences, 20-11 to  20-13
managing synonyms, 20-13 to  20-15
managing tables, 15-1 to  15-41
managing views, 20-2 to  20-11
manual archiving
in ARCHIVELOG mode, 8-9
manual overrides
in-doubt transactions, 32-10
MAX_DUMP_FILE_SIZE initialization parameter, 5-16
MAX_ENABLED_ROLES initialization parameter
enabling roles and, 25-22
MAX_ROLLBACK_SEGMENTS initialization parameter, 13-15
MAXDATAFILES parameter
changing, 6-6
MAXEXTENTS storage parameter
description, 14-10
rollback segments, 13-17, 13-20
setting for the data dictionary, 21-28
MAXINSTANCES parameter
changing, 6-6
MAXLOGFILES option
CREATE DATABASE statement, 7-10
MAXLOGFILES parameter
changing, 6-6
MAXLOGHISTORY parameter
changing, 6-6
MAXLOGMEMBERS parameter
changing, 6-6
CREATE DATABASE statement, 7-10
MAXTRANS storage parameter
altering, 15-11
guidelines for setting, 14-8
media recovery
effects of archiving on, 8-3
memory
viewing per user, 24-26
MERGE PARTITIONS clause, 17-38
messages
error
trapping, 30-11
migrated rows
eliminating from table, procedure, 21-8
MINEXTENTS storage parameter
cannot alter, 14-13, 15-12
deallocating unused space, 14-26
description, 14-10
rollback segments, 13-18, 13-20
mirrored control files, 6-3
mirrored files
online redo log, 7-6
location, 7-9
size, 7-9
mirroring
control files, 2-36
MISSING datafiles, 6-9
MODIFY DEFAULT ATTRIBUTES clause, 17-44
using for partitioned tables, 17-43
MODIFY DEFAULT ATTRIBUTES FOR PARTITION clause
of ALTER TABLE, 17-43
MODIFY PARTITION clause, 17-44, 17-48, 17-51
MODIFY SUBPARTITION clause, 17-45
MONITORING clause
CREATE TABLE, 15-9
monitoring datafiles, 12-28
MONITORING USAGE clause
of ALTER INDEX statement, 16-21
MOUNT option
STARTUP command, 4-7
mounting a database, 4-6
MOVE PARTITION clause, 17-44, 17-48
MOVE SUBPARTITION clause, 17-44, 17-49
moving control files, 6-5
multiplexed control files
importance of, 6-3
multiplexing
archived redo logs, 8-10
control files, 6-3
redo log files, 7-5
groups, 7-6
multi-tier environments
auditing clients, 26-13

N

name resolution
distributed databases, 28-22
impact of global name changes, 28-42
schema objects, 28-38
when global database name is complete, 28-37
when global database name is partial, 28-37
when no global database name is specified, 28-37
named user limits
setting initially, 2-43
nested tables
storage parameters for, 14-12
network
authentication, 24-13
network authentication, 24-13
network connections
minimizing, 29-14
networks
distributed databases use of, 28-2
new features, xlviii to  lxi
NEXT storage parameter
altering, 14-13, 15-12
description, 14-10
rollback segments, 13-18, 13-20
setting for the data dictionary, 21-28
NO_DATA_FOUND keyword, 30-11
NO_MERGE hint, 30-8
NOARCHIVELOG MODE
dropping datafiles, 12-9
NOARCHIVELOG mode
archiving, 8-2
definition, 8-2
media failure, 8-3
no hot backups, 8-3
running in, 8-2
switching to, 8-5
taking datafiles offline in, 12-9
NOAUDIT statement
disabling audit options, 26-13
disabling default object audit options, 26-15
disabling object auditing, 26-14
disabling statement and privilege auditing, 26-14
NOLOGGING CLAUSE
CREATE TABLESPACE, 11-20
NOMOUNT option
STARTUP command, 4-6
normal transmission mode
definition, 8-14
Novell's NetWare Management System, 28-32

O

O7_DICTIONARY_ACCESSIBILITY initialization parameter, 25-3
object privileges
for external tables, 15-39
granting on behalf of the owner, 25-14
revoking, 25-16
revoking on behalf of owner, 25-17
objects
See also schema objects
referencing with synonyms, 29-28
See also schema objects
offline tablespaces
priorities, 11-21
rollback segments and, 13-22
taking offline, 11-21
online redefinition of tables
abort and cleanup, 15-20
example, 15-20
features of, 15-16
intermediate synchronization, 15-19
restrictions, 15-22
steps, 15-17
online redo log, 7-2
See also redo logs
creating
groups and members, 7-12
creating members, 7-13
dropping groups, 7-16
dropping members, 7-16
forcing a log switch, 7-18
guidelines for configuring, 7-5
INVALID members, 7-17
location of, 7-9
managing, 7-1
moving files, 7-14
number of files in the, 7-10
optimum configuration for the, 7-10
privileges
adding groups, 7-12
dropping groups, 7-16
dropping members, 7-17
forcing a log switch, 7-18
renaming files, 7-14
renaming members, 7-14
specifying ARCHIVE_LAG_TIME, 7-10
STALE members, 7-17
viewing information about, 7-20
online redo log files
creating as Oracle-managed files, 3-19
OPEN_LINKS initialization parameter, 29-20
opening a database
after creation, 1-6
operating systems
accounts, 25-24
authentication, 24-12, 25-22
database administrators requirements for, 1-10
enabling and disabling roles, 25-25
renaming and relocating files, 12-10
role identification, 25-23
roles and, 25-22
security in, 23-3
Optimal Flexible Architecture (OFA), 2-7
OPTIMAL storage parameter
description, 14-11
rollback segments, 13-17, 13-18, 13-20
optional destinations
for archived redo logs
destinations
archived redo logsmandatory, 8-16
ORA_TZFILE environment variable
specifying time zone file for database, 2-29
ORA-00900 error, 30-11
ORA-02015 error, 30-11
ORA-02055 error
integrity constraint violation, 30-3
ORA-02067 error
rollback required, 30-3
ORA-06510 error
PL/SQL error, 30-12
Oracle
installing, 1-5
release numbers, 1-8
Oracle Call Interface. See OCI
Oracle Enterprise Manager, 4-2
Oracle Managed Files feature
See also Oracle-managed files
Oracle Net
service names in, 8-15
transmitting archived logs via, 8-15
Oracle Universal Installer, 2-5
Oracle9i Real Application Clusters
allocating extents for cluster, 18-9
sequence numbers and, 20-13
threads of online redo log, 7-2
Oracle-managed files
behavior, 3-21
benefits, 3-3
CREATE DATABASE statement, 3-8
creating, 3-6 to  3-21
creating control files, 3-17
creating datafiles, 3-14
creating online redo log files, 3-19
creating tempfiles, 3-16
described, 3-2
dropping datafile, 3-21
dropping online redo log files, 3-22
dropping tempfile, 3-21
initialization parameters, 3-4
introduction, 2-25
naming, 3-7
renaming, 3-22
scenarios for using, 3-22 to  3-28
ORAPWD utility, 1-20
ORGANIZATION EXTERNAL clause
of CREATE TABLE, 15-35
OS authentication, 1-17
OS_ROLES parameter
operating-system authorization and, 25-9
REMOTE_OS_ROLES and, 25-25
using, 25-23
OSDBA group, 1-18
OSOPER group, 1-18
OTHER_GROUPS for Database Resource Manager, 27-6, 27-13, 27-16, 27-19, 27-28

P

packages
DBMS_JOB, 10-3
DBMS_METADATA, 21-31
DBMS_REDEFINITION, 15-17
DBMS_REPAIR, 22-2 to  22-15
DBMS_RESOURCE_MANAGER, 27-4, 27-8, 27-9, 27-20, 27-21
DBMS_RESOURCE_MANAGER_PRIVS, 27-9, 27-20
DBMS_RESUMABLE, 14-22
DBMS_SESSION, 27-23
DBMS_SPACE, 14-25, 21-31
DBMS_STATS, 15-9, 21-4
DBMS_STORAGE_MAPPING, 12-22, 12-23
DBMS_UTILITY
used for computing statistics, 21-6
privileges for recompiling, 21-25
recompiling, 21-25
parallel execution
managing, 5-18
parallel hints, 5-18
parallelizing index creation, 16-7
resumable space allocation, 14-18
parallel hints, 5-18
PARALLEL_DEGREE_LIMIT_ABSOLUTE resource allocation method, 27-15
parallelizing table creation, 15-4, 15-8
parameter files
See also initialization parameter file.
PARTITION BY HASH clause, 17-12
PARTITION BY LIST clause, 17-13
PARTITION BY RANGE clause, 17-11
for composite-partitioned tables, 17-14, 17-15
PARTITION clause
for composite-partitioned tables, 17-14, 17-15
for hash partitions, 17-12
for list partitions, 17-13
for range partitions, 17-11
partition views
converting to partitioned table, 17-62
partitioned indexes, 17-1 to  17-65
adding partitions, 17-31
creating local index on composite partitioned table, 17-15
creating local index on hash partitioned table, 17-13
creating range partitions, 17-12
description, 17-2
dropping partitions, 17-35
global, 17-3
local, 17-3
maintenance operations, 17-22 to  17-61
table of, 17-24
modifying partition default attributes, 17-43
modifying real attributes of partitions, 17-45
moving partitions, 17-49
rebuilding index partitions, 17-50
renaming index partitions/subpartitions, 17-52
secondary indexes on index-organized tables, 17-20
splitting partitions, 17-57
partitioned tables, 17-1 to  17-65
adding partitions, 17-27
adding subpartitions, 17-29, 17-30
coalescing partitions, 17-31
converting partition views, 17-62
creating composite partitions and subpartitions, 17-14
creating hash partitions, 17-12
creating list partitions, 17-13
creating range partitions, 17-11, 17-12
description, 17-2
DISABLE ROW MOVEMENT, 17-10
dropping partitions, 17-32
ENABLE ROW MOVEMENT, 17-10
exchanging partitions, 17-35
exchanging subpartitions, 17-37, 17-38
global indexes on, 17-3
index-organized tables, 17-10, 17-20, 17-21
local indexes on, 17-3
maintenance operations, 17-22 to  17-61
table of, 17-23
marking indexes UNUSABLE, 17-28, 17-30, 17-31, 17-33, 17-35, 17-36, 17-38, 17-44, 17-45, 17-48, 17-52, 17-59
merging partitions, 17-38
modifying default attributes, 17-43
modifying real attributes of partitions, 17-44
modifying real attributes of subpartitions, 17-45
moving partitions, 17-48
moving subpartitions, 17-49
rebuilding index partitions, 17-50
renaming partitions, 17-51
renaming subpartitions, 17-51
splitting partitions, 17-52
truncating partitions, 17-59
truncating subpartitions, 17-61
updating global indexes automatically, 17-26
partitioning
composite, 17-7
creating partitions, 17-10 to  17-21
default partition, 17-7
default subpartition, 17-10
hash, 17-5
indexes, 17-2
See also partitioned indexes
index-organized tables, 17-10, 17-20, 17-21
list, 17-5, 17-45, 17-46
maintaining partitions, 17-22 to  17-61
methods, 17-3
range, 17-4
range-list, 17-8, 17-15
subpartition templates, 17-17
tables, 17-2
See also partitioned tables
partitions
See also partitioned tables.
See also partitioned indexes.
PARTITIONS clause
for hash partitions, 17-12
password file authentication, 1-19
passwords
changing for roles, 25-7
default for SYS and SYSTEM, 1-11
encrypted
database, 23-5
encryption, 24-9
password file, 1-23
creating, 1-20
OS authentication, 1-16
removing, 1-25
state of, 1-25
privileges for changing for roles, 25-8
privileges to alter, 24-6
roles, 25-8
security policy for users, 23-5
setting REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORD parameter, 1-22
user authentication, 24-9
viewing for database links, 29-22
PCTFREE parameter
clustered tables, 14-4
clusters, used in, 18-5
guidelines for setting, 14-4
indexes, 14-4
non-clustered tables, 14-4
PCTUSED, use with, 14-7
usage, 14-2
PCTFREE storage parameter
altering, 15-11
table creation, 15-2
PCTINCREASE parameter
altering, 14-13
rollback segments, 13-18, 13-20
setting for the data dictionary, 21-28
PCTINCREASE storage parameter
altering, 15-12
description, 14-10
PCTUSED parameter, 11-8, 11-9
clusters, used in, 18-5
guidelines for setting, 14-6
PCTFREE, use with, 14-7
usage, 14-5
PCTUSED storage parameter
altering, 15-11
table creation, 15-2
pending area for Database Resource Manager plans, 27-12 to  27-14
validating plan schema changes, 27-12
pending transaction tables, 32-22
performance
index column order, 16-5
location of datafiles and, 12-4
tuning archiving, 8-19
physical structure of a database, 1-6
plan schemas for Database Resource Manager, 27-6, 27-12, 27-16, 27-25, 27-32
examples, 27-25
validating plan changes, 27-12
planning
database creation, 2-2
relational design, 1-6
the database, 1-5
PL/SQL
errors
ORA-06510, 30-12
program units
replaced views and, 20-11
user-defined exceptions, 30-11
PRAGMA_EXCEPTION_INIT procedure
assigning exception names, 30-12
predefined roles, 1-13
prepare phase, 31-11
recognizing read-only nodes, 31-12
two-phase commit, 31-11
prepare/commit phases
effects of failure, 32-23
failures during, 32-8
locked resources, 32-23
pending transaction table, 32-22
prepared response
two-phase commit, 31-12
prerequisites
for creating a database, 2-4
PRIMARY KEY constraints
associated indexes, 16-11
dropping associated indexes, 16-23
enabling on creation, 16-11
foreign key references when dropped, 21-19
indexes associated with, 16-11
private database links, 28-15
private rollback segments, 13-15, 13-19
taking offline, 13-24
private synonyms, 20-13
granting privileges and roles
specifying ALL, 25-4
revoking privileges and roles
specifying ALL, 25-4
privileges, 25-2
See also system privileges.
adding redo log groups, 7-12
altering
indexes, 16-19
passwords, 24-7
sequences, 20-12
users, 24-6
altering role authentication method, 25-8
altering tables, 15-10
application developers and, 23-10
audit object, 26-12
auditing system, 26-12
auditing use of, 26-11
cascading revokes, 25-19
closing a database link, 30-2
column, 25-15
creating
sequences, 20-12
synonyms, 20-14
views, 20-2
creating database links, 29-8
creating roles, 25-7
creating rollback segments, 13-19
creating tables, 15-6
creating tablespaces, 11-4
creating users, 24-2
database administrator, 1-10
disabling automatic archiving, 8-8
dropping
indexes, 16-22
online redo log members, 7-17
redo log groups, 7-16
sequences, 20-13
synonyms, 20-14
views, 20-10
dropping profiles, 24-23
dropping roles, 25-10
dropping rollback segments, 13-25
dropping tables, 15-23
enabling and disabling resource limits, 24-19
enabling and disabling triggers, 21-13
enabling automatic archiving, 8-6
for external tables, 15-39
forcing a log switch, 7-18
granting, 25-11
granting object privileges, 25-12
granting system privileges, 25-11
granting, about, 25-11
grouping with roles, 25-6
individual privilege names, 25-2
listing grants, 25-27
managing with procedures, 29-32
managing with synonyms, 29-30
managing with views, 29-28
manually archiving, 8-9
object, 25-4
on selected columns, 25-18
policies for managing, 23-6
recompiling packages, 21-25
recompiling procedures, 21-25
recompiling views, 21-25
renaming
objects, 21-3
redo log members, 7-14
replacing views, 20-10
RESTRICTED SESSION system privilege, 4-7
revoking, 25-16
revoking object, 25-16
revoking object privileges, 25-16, 25-19
revoking system privileges, 25-16
setting resource costs, 24-22
system, 25-2
taking tablespaces offline, 11-21
truncating, 21-11
See also system privileges.
procedures
external, 5-20
location transparency using, 29-30, 29-31, 29-32
recompiling, 21-25
remote calls, 28-46
process monitor, 5-12
processes
See also server processes
PROCESSES initialization parameter
setting before database creation, 2-41
PRODUCT_COMPONENT_VERSION view, 1-10
profiles, 24-18
altering, 24-21
assigning to users, 24-20
creating, 24-20
default, 24-20
disabling resource limits, 24-19
dropping, 24-23
enabling resource limits, 24-19
listing, 24-23
managing, 24-18
privileges for dropping, 24-23
privileges to alter, 24-21
privileges to set resource costs, 24-22
PUBLIC_DEFAULT, 24-20
setting a limit to null, 24-21
viewing, 24-25
program global area (PGA)
effect of MAX_ENABLED_ROLES on, 25-22
proxies
auditing clients of, 26-13
proxy authentication and authorization, 24-16
proxy authentication, 24-16
proxy authorization, 24-16
proxy servers
auditing clients, 26-13
PROXY_USERS view, 24-16
public database links
connected user, 29-35
fixed user, 29-34
public fixed user database links, 29-34
public rollback segments, 13-19
taking offline, 13-24
public synonyms, 20-13
PUBLIC user group
granting and revoking privileges to, 25-20
procedures and, 25-20
PUBLIC_DEFAULT profile
dropping profiles and, 24-23
using, 24-20
PURGE_LOST_DB_ENTRY procedure
DBMS_TRANSACTION package, 32-13
purging pending rows
from data dictionary, 32-13
when necessary, 32-14

Q

queries
distributed, 28-34
application development issues, 30-3
distributed or remote, 28-33
location transparency and, 28-45
post-processing, 30-4
remote, 30-4
transparency, 29-32
quiescing a database, 4-14
quotas
listing, 24-23
revoking from users, 24-4
setting to zero, 24-4
tablespace, 24-4
tablespace quotas, 11-3
temporary segments and, 24-4
unlimited, 24-4
viewing, 24-25

R

range partitioning
creating tables using, 17-11
index-organized tables, 17-20
when to use, 17-4
range-hash partitioning
subpartitioning template, 17-17
range-list partitioning, 17-8, 17-15
subpartitioning template, 17-19
read consistency
managing in distributed databases, 32-25
read-only database
opening, 4-10
read-only response
two-phase commit, 31-12
read-only tablespaces
datafiles, 12-8
read-only tablespaces, see tablespaces, read-only
REBUILD PARTITION clause, 17-49, 17-51
REBUILD SUBPARTITION clause, 17-51
REBUILD UNUSABLE LOCAL INDEXES clause, 17-51
REBUILD_FREELISTS procedure, 22-3, 22-6, 22-8
example, 22-13
rebuilding indexes, 16-20
costs, 16-8
online, 16-20
RECOVER option
STARTUP command, 4-8
recoverer process, 5-13
recoverer process (RECO)
disabling, 32-24, 32-25
distributed transaction recovery, 32-24
enabling, 32-24, 32-25
pending transaction table, 32-24
recovery
creating new control files, 6-6
Recovery Manager
starting a database, 4-2
starting an instance, 4-2
RECOVERY_CATALOG_OWNER role, 25-6
redefining tables
online, 15-16 to  15-22
redo log files
active (current), 7-4
analyzing, 9-1
archived
advantages of, 8-2
contents of, 8-2
log switches and, 7-5
archived redo log files, 8-5
archived redo logs, 8-2
available for use, 7-3
circular use of, 7-3
clearing, 7-7, 7-19
restrictions, 7-19
contents of, 7-2
creating
groups and members, 7-12
creating members, 7-13
distributed transaction information in, 7-3
groups, 7-6
creating, 7-12
dropping, 7-16
members, 7-6
threads, 7-2
how many in redo log, 7-10
inactive, 7-4
legal and illegal configurations, 7-7
LGWR and the, 7-3
log sequence numbers of, 7-5
log switches, 7-5
members, 7-6
creating, 7-12
dropping, 7-16
maximum number of, 7-10
mirrored
log switches and, 7-7
multiplexed
diagrammed, 7-6
if all inaccessible, 7-7
multiplexing, 7-5
groups, 7-6
if some members inaccessible, 7-7
online, 7-2
recovery use of, 7-2
requirement of two, 7-3
threads of, 7-2
online redo log, 7-1
planning the, 7-5, 7-10
privileges
adding groups and members, 7-12
redo entries, 7-2
requirements, 7-7
verifying blocks, 7-18
viewing, 2-31
redo logs
See also online redo log
storing separately from datafiles, 12-4
unavailable when database is opened, 4-6
redo records, 7-2
LOGGING and NOLOGGING, 11-20
REFERENCES privilege
CASCADE CONSTRAINTS option, 25-18
revoking, 25-18
referential integrity
distributed database systems
application development, 30-3
relational design
planning, 1-6
release number format, 1-8
releases, 1-8
checking the Oracle database release number, 1-10
relocating control files, 6-5
remote connections, 1-25
connecting as SYSOPER/SYSDBA, 1-13
password files, 1-20
remote data
querying, 29-33
updating, 29-33
remote procedure calls, 28-46
distributed databases and, 28-46
remote queries, 30-4
distributed databases and, 28-33
execution, 30-4
post-processing, 30-4
remote transactions, 28-35
defined, 28-35
REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE initialization parameter, 1-22
REMOTE_OS_AUTHENT initialization parameter, 28-17
setting, 24-12
REMOTE_OS_ROLES initialization parameter
setting, 25-9, 25-26
RENAME PARTITION clause, 17-51
RENAME statement, 21-3
RENAME SUBPARTITION clause, 17-51
renaming control files, 6-5
renaming files
Oracle-managed files, 3-22
REOPEN option
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_n initialization parameter, 8-18
repairing data block corruption
DBMS_REPAIR, 22-2 to  22-15
resource allocation methods, 27-4
active session pool, 27-15
CPU resource, 27-14
EMPHASIS, 27-14
limit on degree of parallelism, 27-15
limiting degree of parallelism, 27-15
PARALLEL_DEGREE_LIMIT_ABSOLUTE, 27-15
queueing resource allocation method, 27-15
ROUND-ROBIN, 27-16
resource consumer groups, 27-3
creating, 27-16 to  27-17
DEFAULT_CONSUMER_GROUP, 27-16, 27-17, 27-21, 27-23
deleting, 27-17
LOW_GROUP, 27-17, 27-29
managing, 27-20 to  27-23
OTHER_GROUPS, 27-6, 27-13, 27-16, 27-19, 27-28
parameters, 27-16
SYS_GROUP, 27-17, 27-28
updating, 27-17
resource limits
altering in profiles, 24-21
assigning with profiles, 24-20
costs and, 24-22
creating profiles and, 24-20
disabling, 24-19
enabling, 24-19
privileges to enable and disable, 24-19
privileges to set costs, 24-22
profiles, 24-18
PUBLIC_DEFAULT profile and, 24-20
setting to null, 24-21
resource plan directives, 27-4, 27-12
deleting, 27-19
specifying, 27-17 to  27-20
updating, 27-19
resource plans, 27-3
creating, 27-10 to  27-16
DELETE_PLAN_CASCADE, 27-16
deleting, 27-15
examples, 27-4, 27-25
parameters, 27-14
plan schemas, 27-6, 27-12, 27-16, 27-25, 27-32
subplans, 27-5, 27-6, 27-16
SYSTEM_PLAN, 27-15, 27-17, 27-28
top plan, 27-6, 27-13, 27-24
updating, 27-15
validating, 27-12
RESOURCE role, 25-5
RESOURCE_LIMIT initialization parameter
enabling and disabling limits, 24-19
RESOURCE_MANAGER_PLAN initialization parameter, 27-24
resources
profiles, 24-18
responsibilities
database administrator, 1-2
of database users, 1-4
RESTRICT OPTION
STARTUP command, 4-7
RESTRICTED SESSION system privilege
connecting to database, 4-7
connecting to database., 4-7
restricted mode and, 4-7
resumable space allocation
correctable errors, 14-17
detecting suspended statements, 14-21
disabling, 14-19
distributed databases, 14-18
enabling, 14-19
example, 14-23
how resumable statements work, 14-15
naming statements, 14-20
parallel execution and, 14-18
resumable operations, 14-16
setting as default for session, 14-20
timeout interval, 14-19, 14-20
REVOKE CONNECT THROUGH clause
revoking proxy authorization, 24-16
REVOKE statement, 25-16
when takes effect, 25-20
revoking privileges and roles
on selected columns, 25-18
REVOKE statement, 25-16
when using operating-system roles, 25-25
RMAN. See Recovery Manager.
role identification
operating system accounts, 25-24
roles
ADMIN OPTION and, 25-12
application developers and, 23-11
AQ_ADMINISTRATOR_ROLE, 25-6
AQ_USER_ROLE, 25-6
authorization, 25-8
authorized by enterprise directory service, 25-10
changing authorization for, 25-7
changing passwords, 25-7
CONNECT role, 25-5
database authorization, 25-8
DBA role, 1-13, 25-5
default, 24-7, 25-21
definition, 25-5
DELETE_CATALOG_ROLE, 25-6
disabling, 25-21
dropping, 25-10
enabling, 25-21
enterprise, 24-14, 25-10
EXECUTE_CATALOG_ROLE, 25-6
EXP_FULL_DATABASE, 25-5
global, 24-13, 25-10
global authorization, 25-10
GRANT statement, 25-25
granting, 25-11
granting, about, 25-11
HS_ADMIN_ROLE, 25-6
IMP_FULL_DATABASE, 25-5
listing, 25-30
listing grants, 25-28
listing privileges and roles in, 25-30
management using the operating system, 25-22
managing, 25-6
maximum, 25-22
multibyte characters in names, 25-7
multibyte characters in passwords, 25-8
network authorization, 25-9
obtained through database links, 28-23
operating system, 25-24
operating system granting of, 25-23, 25-25
operating-system authorization, 25-9
OS management and the shared server, 25-25
passwords for enabling, 25-8
predefined, 1-13, 25-5
privileges for creating, 25-7
privileges for dropping, 25-10
privileges, changing authorization method for, 25-8
privileges, changing passwords, 25-8
RECOVERY_CATALOG_OWNER, 25-6
RESOURCE role, 25-5
REVOKE statement, 25-25
revoking, 25-16
revoking ADMIN OPTION, 25-16
security and, 23-6
SELECT_CATALOG_ROLE, 25-6
SET ROLE statement, 25-25
SNMPAGENT, 25-6
unique names for, 25-7
WITH GRANT OPTION and, 25-13
without authorization, 25-7
rollback segments
acquiring automatically, 13-15, 13-23
acquiring on startup, 2-43
altering storage parameters, 13-21
AVAILABLE, 13-22
bringing online, 13-22
bringing online when new, 13-19
bringing PARTLY AVAILABLE segment online, 13-23
checking if offline, 13-23
creating, 13-19 to  13-21
displaying information about, 13-26
displaying names of all, 13-28
displaying PENDING OFFLINE segments, 13-29
dropping, 13-22, 13-25
equally sized extents, 13-17
explicitly assigning transactions to, 13-24
guidelines for managing, 13-13 to  13-18
in-doubt distributed transactions, 32-9
initial creation of SYSTEM, 13-14
INITIAL storage parameter, 13-18, 13-20
initialization parameters used with, 13-5
invalid status, 13-25
listing extents in, 21-35
location of, 13-18
making available for use, 13-22
maximum number of, 13-15
MINEXTENTS, 13-17, 13-18, 13-20
NEXT, 13-18, 13-20
OFFLINE, 13-22
OPTIMAL, 13-17, 13-18, 13-20
PARTLY AVAILABLE, 13-22
PCTINCREASE, 13-18, 13-20
PENDING OFFLINE, 13-24
private, 13-15, 13-19
privileges for dropping, 13-25
privileges required to create, 13-19
public, 13-19
public vs. private, 13-15
setting size of, 13-16
shrinking size of, 13-21
starting an instance using, 13-4
status for dropping, 13-25
status or state, 13-22
storage parameters, 13-20
taking offline, 13-23
taking tablespaces offline and, 11-23
using multiple, 13-14
ROLLBACK statement
FORCE clause, 32-10, 32-11, 32-12
forcing, 32-9
ROLLBACK_SEGMENTS initialization parameter, 13-15
adding rollback segments to, 13-19, 13-23
dropping rollback segments, 13-25
online at instance startup, 13-16
setting before database creation, 2-43
rollbacks
ORA-02067 error, 30-3
ROUND-ROBIN resource allocation method, 27-16
row movement clause for partitioned tables, 17-10
rows
chaining across blocks, 14-4
listing chained or migrated, 21-7

S

Sample Schemas
description, 2-33
savepoints
in-doubt transactions, 32-11, 32-13
schema objects
analyzing, 21-3 to  21-6
cascading effects on revoking, 25-19
creating multiple objects, 21-2
default audit options, 26-13
default tablespace for, 24-3
defining using DBMS_METADATA package, 21-31
dependencies between, 21-23
disabling audit options, 26-14
distributed database naming conventions for, 28-22
enabling audit options on, 26-12
global names, 28-22
granting privileges, 25-12
in a revoked tablespace, 24-4
listing by type, 21-33
name resolution in SQL statements, 21-25
obtaining metadata about, 21-31
owned by dropped users, 24-7
privileges to access, 25-4
privileges to rename, 21-3
privileges with, 25-4
renaming, 21-3
revoking privileges, 25-16
validating structure, 21-6
viewing information, 21-30
schema-independent users, 24-14
SCN. See system change number.
SCOPE clause
ALTER SYSTEM SET, 2-47
Secure Sockets Layer, 23-2, 24-8, 24-14
security
accessing a database, 23-2
administrator of, 23-2
application developers and, 23-10
auditing policies, 23-20
authentication of users, 23-2
data, 23-3
database security, 23-2
database users and, 23-2
distributed databases, 28-24
centralized user management, 28-27
establishing policies, 23-1
general users, 23-4
level of, 23-3
multibyte characters in role names, 25-7
multibyte characters in role passwords, 25-8
operating-system security and the database, 23-3
policies for database administrators, 23-8
privilege management policies, 23-6
privileges, 23-2
protecting the audit trail, 26-18
remote objects, 29-28
REMOTE_OS_ROLES parameter, 25-26
roles to force security, 23-6
security officer, 1-3
test databases, 23-10
using synonyms, 29-30
SEGMENT_FIX_STATUS procedure, 22-3
segments
available space, 21-31
data dictionary, 21-28
data dictionary views for, 21-33
deallocating unused space, 14-25
displaying information on, 21-35
monitoring rollback, 13-27
rollback. See rollback segments.
temporary
storage parameters, 14-13
SELECT statement
FOR UPDATE clause, 29-33
SELECT_CATALOG_ROLE role, 25-6
SELECT_CATALOG_ROLE roll, 25-3
sequences
altering, 20-13
creating, 20-12
dropping, 20-13
managing, 20-11
Oracle Real Applications Clusters and, 20-13
privileges for altering, 20-12
privileges for creating, 20-12
privileges for dropping, 20-13
SERVER parameter
net service name, 29-16
server parameter file
creating, 2-46
defined, 2-44
error recovery, 2-50
exporting, 2-49
migrating to, 2-45
RMAN backup, 2-50
setting initialization parameter values, 2-47
SPFILE initialization parameter, 2-47
STARTUP command behavior, 2-45, 4-3
viewing parameter settings, 2-51
server processes
archiver (ARCn), 5-12
background, 5-11 to  5-13
checkpoint (CKPT), 5-12
database writer (DBWn), 5-12
dedicated, 5-2
dispatcher (Dnnn), 5-13
dispatchers, 5-6 to  5-10
global cache service (LMS), 5-13
job queue coordinator process (CJQ0), 5-13, 10-2
log writer (LGWR), 5-12
monitoring, 5-13
monitoring locks, 5-15
process monitor (PMON), 5-12
recoverer (RECO), 5-13
shared server, 5-3 to  5-10
system monitor (SMON), 5-12
trace files for, 5-15
servers
role in two-phase commit, 31-5
service names
database links and, 29-13
session trees
distributed transactions, 31-4
clients, 31-5
commit point site, 31-6, 31-8
database servers, 31-5
global coordinators, 31-6
local coordinators, 31-6
tracing, 32-5
sessions
auditing connections and disconnections, 26-11
listing privilege domain of, 25-29
setting advice for transactions, 32-10
terminating, 5-21 to  5-23
viewing memory use, 24-26
sessions, user
active, 5-22
inactive, 5-23
marked to be terminated, 5-22
terminating, 5-21
viewing terminated sessions, 5-23
SET ROLE statement
how password is set, 25-8
used to enable/disable roles, 25-21
when using operating-system roles, 25-25
SET TIME_ ZONE clause
CREATE DATABASE, 2-28
SET TIME_ZONE clause
ALTER SESSION, 2-28
time zone files, 2-28
SET TRANSACTION statement
naming transactions, 32-2
USE ROLLBACK SEGMENT option, 13-24
SGA. See system global area.
SGA_MAX_SIZE initialization parameter, 2-38
setting size, 2-40
shared database links
configuring, 29-16
creating links, 29-14, 29-15
to dedicated servers, 29-16
to shared servers, 29-17
determining whether to use, 29-14
example, 28-20
SHARED keyword
CREATE DATABASE LINK statement, 29-15
shared server, 5-3
adjusting number of dispatchers, 5-8
enabling and disabling, 5-10
initialization parameters, 5-5
OS role management restrictions, 25-25
setting initial number of dispatchers, 5-6
setting initial number of servers, 5-7
setting minimum number of servers, 5-10
views, 5-10
shared server processes
trace files for, 5-15
shared SQL
for remote and distributed statements, 28-34
SHARED_SERVERS initialization parameter
initial setting, 5-7
SHUTDOWN command
ABORT option, 4-13
IMMEDIATE option, 4-12
NORMAL option, 4-12
TRANSACTIONAL option, 4-13
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) support
database management, 28-32
single-process systems
enabling distributed recovery, 32-25
single-table hash clusters, 19-5
site autonomy
distributed databases, 28-24
SKIP_CORRUPT_BLOCKS procedure, 22-3, 22-7
example, 22-14
snapshot too old
OPTIMAL storage parameter and, 13-18
undo retention and, 13-9
SNMPAGENT role, 25-6
SORT_AREA_SIZE initialization parameter
index creation and, 16-3
space allocation
resumable, 14-14 to  14-25
space management
data blocks, 14-2 to  14-7
datatypes, space requirements, 14-29
deallocating unused space, 14-25
setting storage parameters, 14-9 to  14-13
SPACE_ERROR_INFO procedure, 14-21
specifying destinations
for archived redo logs, 8-10
specifying multiple ARCH processes, 8-19
SPFILE initialization parameter, 2-47
specifying from client machine, 4-5
SPLIT PARTITION clause, 17-27, 17-52
SQL errors
ORA-00900, 30-11
ORA-02015, 30-11
SQL statements
disabling audit options, 26-14
distributed databases and, 28-33
enabling audit options on, 26-11
SQL*Loader
about, 1-26
SQL*Plus
starting, 4-3
starting a database, 4-2
starting an instance, 4-2
SQL_TRACE initialization parameter
trace files and, 5-15
SSL. See Secure Sockets Layer.
STALE status
of redo log members, 7-17
standby transmission mode
definition of, 8-14
Oracle Net and, 8-15
RFS processes and, 8-15
starting a database
forcing, 4-8
Oracle Enterprise Manager, 4-2
recovery and, 4-8
Recovery Manage, 4-2
restricted mode, 4-7
SQL*Plus, 4-2
when control files unavailable, 4-6
when redo logs unavailable, 4-6
starting an instance
automatically at system startup, 4-9
database closed and mounted, 4-6
database name conflicts and, 2-36
enabling automatic archiving, 8-7
forcing, 4-8
mounting and opening the database, 4-6
normally, 4-6
Oracle Enterprise Manager, 4-2
recovery and, 4-8
Recovery Manager, 4-2
remote instance startup, 4-9
restricted mode, 4-7
SQL*Plus, 4-2
when control files unavailable, 4-6
when redo logs unavailable, 4-6
without mounting a database, 4-6
STARTUP command
default behavior, 2-45
MOUNT option, 4-7
NOMOUNT option, 2-17, 4-6
RECOVER option, 4-8
RESTRICT option, 4-7
starting a database, 4-2, 4-3
statistics
automatically collecting for tables, 15-9
storage
quotas and, 24-4
revoking tablespaces and, 24-4
unlimited quotas, 24-4
STORAGE clause
See also storage parameters
storage parameters
altering, 15-11
altering defaults for tablespaces, 11-11
applicable objects, 14-8
BUFFER POOL, 14-11
changing for data dictionary objects, 21-27
data dictionary, 21-27
default, 14-9
example, 14-14
for the data dictionary, 21-28
FREELIST GROUPS, 14-11
FREELISTS, 14-11
INITIAL, 14-10
INITIAL, cannot alter, 15-12
INITRANS, altering, 15-11
MAXEXTENTS, 14-10
MAXTRANS, altering, 15-11
MINEXTENTS, 14-10
MINEXTENTS, cannot alter, 15-12
NEXT, 14-10
NEXT, altering, 15-12
OPTIMAL, 14-11
OPTIMAL (in rollback segments), 13-18
PCTFREE, altering, 15-11
PCTFREE, specifying, 15-2
PCTINCREASE, 14-10
PCTINCREASE, altering, 15-12
PCTUSED, altering, 15-11
PCTUSED, specifying, 15-2
precedence of, 14-13
rollback segments, 13-20
setting, 14-9 to  14-13
SYSTEM rollback segment, 13-21
temporary segments, 14-13
storage subsystems
mapping files to physical devices, 12-15 to  12-27
STORE IN clause, 17-14
stored procedures
distributed query creation, 30-3
managing privileges, 29-32
privileges for recompiling, 21-25
remote object security, 29-32
using privileges granted to PUBLIC, 25-20
SUBPARTITION BY HASH clause
for composite-partitioned tables, 17-14
SUBPARTITION BY LIST clause
for composite-partitioned tables, 17-15
SUBPARTITION clause, 17-29, 17-30, 17-54
for composite-partitioned tables, 17-14, 17-15
subpartition template
modifying, 17-48
subpartition templates, 17-17
subpartitions, 17-2
SUBPARTITIONS clause, 17-29, 17-54
for composite-partitioned tables, 17-14
subqueries, 29-33
in remote updates, 28-34
SunSoft's SunNet Manager, 28-32
supplemental logging
for LogMiner utility, 9-19
LogMiner utility
identification keys, 9-20
log groups, 9-22
SWITCH LOGFILE option
ALTER SYSTEM statement, 7-18
synonyms
CREATE statement, 29-28
creating, 20-14
definition and creation, 29-28
displaying dependencies of, 21-34
dropping, 20-15
examples, 29-29
location transparency using, 29-28
managing, 20-13 to  20-15
managing privileges, 29-30
name resolution, 28-42
name resolution in distributed databases, 28-42
private, 20-13
privileges for creating, 20-14
privileges for dropping, 20-14
public, 20-13
remote object security, 29-30
SYS
specifying password for CREATE DATABASE statement, 2-23
SYS account
default password, 1-11
objects owned, 1-12
policies for protecting, 23-8
privileges, 1-12
user, 1-12
SYS_GROUP for Database Resource Manager, 27-17, 27-28
SYS.AUD$ table
audit trail, 26-2
creating and deleting, 26-19
SYSDBA system privilege
connecting to database, 1-14
SYSOPER system privilege
connecting to database, 1-14
SYSOPER/SYSDBA privileges
adding users to the password file, 1-23
connecting with, 1-13
determining who has privileges, 1-24
granting and revoking, 1-24
SYSTEM
specifying password for CREATE DATABASE, 2-23
SYSTEM account
default password, 1-11
objects owned, 1-12
policies for protecting, 23-8
system change number
using V$DATAFILE to view information about, 12-29
when assigned, 7-2
system change numbers (SCN)
coordination in a distributed database system, 31-14
in-doubt transactions, 32-12
system global area
initialization parameters affecting size, 2-38
specifying buffer cache sizes, 2-40
system monitor, 5-12
system privileges, 25-2
ADMINISTER_RESOURCE_MANAGER, 27-8
described, 25-2
for external tables, 15-39
GRANT ANY OBJECT PRIVILEGE, 25-14, 25-17
granting, 25-11
SYSTEM rollback segment
altering storage parameters of, 13-21
SYSTEM Tablespace
creating locally managed, 2-26
SYSTEM tablespace
cannot drop, 11-29
initial rollback segment, 13-14
restrictions on taking offline, 12-8
when created, 11-3
SYSTEM_PLAN for Database Resource Manager, 27-15, 27-17, 27-28

T

tables
adding columns, 15-13
allocating extents, 15-12
altering, 15-10
altering physical attributes, 15-11
analyzing, 21-3 to  21-6
clustered (hash). See hash clusters
clustered (index). See clusters.
creating, 15-7
creating in locally managed tablespaces, 15-3
data block space, specifying, 15-2
designing before creating, 15-2
dropping, 15-23
dropping columns, 15-14 to  15-16
estimating size, 15-4
external, 15-33 to  15-39
guidelines for managing, 15-2
hash clustered. See hash clusters
historical
moving time windows, 17-61
increasing column length, 15-13
index-organized, 15-24 to  15-33
partitioning, 17-19 to  17-21
key-preserved, 20-6
limiting indexes on, 16-5
managing, 15-1 to  15-41
modifying column definition, 15-13
moving, 15-12
parallelizing creation, 15-4, 15-8
partitioned, 17-2 to  17-65
see also partitioned tables
planning large tables, 15-5
privileges for creation, 15-6
privileges to alter, 15-10
redefining online, 15-16 to  15-22
renaming columns, 15-14
restrictions when creating, 15-6
separating from indexes, 15-6
setting storage parameters, 15-4
specifying location, 15-3
specifying PCTFREE for, 14-4
statistics collection, automatic, 15-9
temporary, 15-8
temporary space for creation, 15-6
truncating, 21-9
unrecoverable (NOLOGGING), 15-4
validating structure, 21-6
views, 15-40
tablespace set, 11-37
tablespaces
adding datafiles, 12-5
altering storage parameters, 11-11
assigning defaults for users, 24-3
assigning user quotas, 11-3
automatic segment space management, 11-8
checking default storage parameters, 11-51
coalescing free space, 11-16
creating a default temporary tablespace, 2-24
creating undo tablespace at database creation, 2-24
DBMS_SPACE_ADMIN package, 11-30
default quota, 24-4
detecting and repairing defects, 11-30
dictionary managed, 11-10 to  11-12
dropping, 11-29
guidelines for managing, 11-2
listing files of, 11-51
listing free space in, 11-51
locally managed, 11-5 to  11-10
locally managed SYSTEM, 2-26
locally managed temporary, 11-13
location, 12-4
making read-only, 11-25
making read-only writable, 11-27
migrating SYSTEM to locally managed, 11-34
multiple block sizes, 11-41
on a WORM device, 11-27
privileges for creating, 11-4
privileges to take offline, 11-21
quotas for users, 24-4
quotas, assigning, 11-3
revoking from users, 24-4
setting default storage parameters, 14-11
setting default storage parameters for, 11-3
specifying non-standard block sizes, 11-19
SYSTEM tablespace, 11-3
taking offline normal, 11-21
taking offline temporarily, 11-22
tempfiles in locally managed, 11-13
temporary
assigning to users, 24-5
for creating large indexes, 16-13
temporary, creating, 11-12
transportable, 11-35 to  11-49
undo, 13-2 to  13-13
unlimited quotas, 24-4
using multiple, 11-2
viewing quotas, 24-25
tempfiles, 11-13
creating as Oracle-managed files, 3-16
dropping Oracle-managed files, 3-21
taking offline, 11-23
templates
for databases (DBCA), 2-11
temporary segments
index creation and, 16-3
temporary tables
creating, 15-8
temporary tablespaces, see tablespaces, temporary
terminating user sessions
active sessions, 5-22
identifying sessions, 5-22
inactive session, example, 5-23
inactive sessions, 5-23
threads
online redo log, 7-2
time zone
files, 2-28
setting for database, 2-28
TNSNAMES.ORA file, 8-11
trace files
job failures and, 10-10
location of, 5-16
log writer, 5-16
log writer process and, 7-6
size of, 5-16
using, 5-15, 5-16
when written, 5-17
tracing
archivelog process, 8-21
transaction control statements
distributed transactions and, 31-4
transaction failures
simulating, 32-24
transaction management
overview, 31-10
transaction processing
distributed systems, 28-33
transactions
assigning to specific rollback segment, 13-24
closing database links, 30-2
distributed
two-phase commit and, 28-36
in-doubt, 31-14
after a system failure, 32-8
pending transactions table, 32-22
recoverer process (RECO) and, 32-24
manually overriding in-doubt, 32-9
naming distributed, 32-2, 32-10
remote, 28-35
rollback segments and, 13-24
TRANSACTIONS initialization parameter, 13-15
TRANSACTIONS_PER_ROLLBACK_SEGMENT initialization parameter, 13-15
transmitting archived redo logs, 8-14
in normal transmission mode, 8-14
in standby transmission mode, 8-14
transparency
location
using procedures, 29-30, 29-31, 29-32
query, 29-32
update, 29-32
transportable tablespaces, 11-35 to  11-49
multiple block sizes, 11-41
transporting tablespaces between databases, 11-34 to  11-49
triggers
disabling, 21-13
distributed query creation, 30-3
enabling, 21-13
privileges for enabling and disabling, 21-13
TRUNCATE PARTITION clause, 17-59
TRUNCATE statement, 21-10
DROP STORAGE clause, 21-11
REUSE STORAGE clause, 21-11
vs. dropping table, 15-23
TRUNCATE SUBPARTITION clause, 17-61
tuning
analyzing tables, 30-7
archiving, 8-19
cost-based optimization, 30-5
databases, 1-8
two-phase commit
case study, 31-19
commit phase, 31-14, 31-23
steps in, 31-14
described, 28-35
distributed transactions, 31-10
tracing session tree, 32-5
viewing information about, 32-3
forget phase, 31-15
in-doubt transactions, 31-15
automatic resolution, 31-16
manual resolution, 31-18
SCNs and, 31-19
phases, 31-10
prepare phase, 31-11
abort response, 31-13
prepared response, 31-12
read-only response, 31-12
responses, 31-11
steps, 31-13
problems, 32-8
recognizing read-only nodes, 31-12
specifying commit point strength, 32-2

U

undo space management
automatic undo management mode, 13-3 to  13-13
described, 13-2
rollback segment undo mode, 13-13 to  13-29
specifying mode, 13-3
undo tablespaces
altering, 13-7
creating, 13-6
dropping, 13-7
estimating space requirements, 13-11
initialization parameters for, 13-3
monitoring, 13-12
PENDING OFFLINE status, 13-8
specifying at database creation, 2-24
specifying retention period, 13-9
starting an instance using, 13-3
statistics for, 13-12
switching, 13-8
used with flashback queries, 13-10
user quotas, 13-9
viewing information about, 13-11
UNDO_MANAGEMENT initialization parameter, 2-24
starting instance as AUTO, 13-3
UNDO_RETENTION initialization parameter
for undo tablespaces, 13-9
UNDO_SUPPRESS_ERROR initialization parameter
for undo tablespaces, 13-4
UNDO_TABLESPACE initialization parameter
starting an instance using, 13-3
UNIQUE key constraints
associated indexes, 16-11
dropping associated indexes, 16-23
enabling on creation, 16-11
foreign key references when dropped, 21-19
indexes associated with, 16-11
UNLIMITED TABLESPACE privilege, 24-5
UNRECOVERABLE DATAFILE option
ALTER DATABASE statement, 7-20
UPDATE GLOBAL INDEX clause
of ALTER TABLE, 17-26
UPDATE privilege
revoking, 25-18
updates
location transparency and, 28-45
transparency, 29-32
upgrading a database, 2-5
USER_DB_LINKS view, 29-21
USER_DUMP_DEST initialization parameter, 5-16
USER_JOBS view
jobs in system, viewing, 10-15
USER_RESUMABLE view, 14-21
USER_SEGMENTS view, 11-50
usernames
SYS and SYSTEM, 1-11
users
altering, 24-6
assigning profiles to, 24-20
assigning tablespace quotas, 11-3
assigning unlimited quotas for, 24-4
authentication
about, 23-2, 24-8
changing default roles, 24-7
database authentication, 24-9
default tablespaces, 24-3
dropping, 24-7
dropping profiles and, 24-23
dropping roles and, 25-10
end-user security policies, 23-6
enrolling, 1-7
enterprise, 24-14, 25-10
external authentication, 24-11
global, 24-13
in a newly created database, 2-32
limiting number of, 2-43
listing, 24-23
listing privileges granted to, 25-27
listing roles granted to, 25-28
managing, 24-2
network authentication, 24-13
objects after dropping, 24-7
operating system authentication, 24-12
password security, 23-5
policies for managing privileges, 23-6
privileges for changing passwords, 24-6
privileges for creating, 24-2
privileges for dropping, 24-8
proxy authentication and authorization, 24-16
PUBLIC group, 25-20
schema-independent, 24-14
security and, 23-2
security for general users, 23-4
session, terminating, 5-23
specifying user names, 24-3
tablespace quotas, 24-4
unique user names, 2-43
viewing information on, 24-25
viewing memory use, 24-26
viewing tablespace quotas, 24-25
utilities
Export, 1-26
for the database administrator, 1-26
Import, 1-26
SQL*Loader, 1-26
UTLCHAIN.SQL script
listing chained rows, 21-7
UTLCHN1.SQL script
listing chained rows, 21-7
UTLLOCKT.SQL script, 5-15

V

V$ARCHIVE view, 8-23
V$ARCHIVE_DEST view
obtaining destination status, 8-13
V$DATABASE view, 8-24
V$DATAFILE view, 11-50
V$DBFILE view, 2-31
V$DBLINK view, 29-25
V$DISPATCHER view
monitoring shared server dispatchers, 5-8
V$DISPATCHER_RATE view
monitoring shared server dispatchers, 5-8
V$INSTANCE view
for database quiesce state, 4-16
V$LOG view, 8-23
displaying archiving status, 8-23
online redo log, 7-20
viewing redo data with, 7-20
V$LOG_HISTORY view
viewing redo data, 7-20
V$LOGFILE view, 2-31
log file status, 7-17
viewing redo data, 7-20
V$LOGMNR_CONTENTS view, 9-16
V$OBJECT_USAGE view
for monitoring index usage, 16-21
V$PWFILE_USERS view, 1-24
V$QUEUE view
monitoring shared server dispatchers, 5-8
V$ROLLNAME view
finding PENDING OFFLINE segments, 13-29
V$ROLLSTAT view
finding PENDING OFFLINE segments, 13-29
undo segments, 13-12
V$SESSION view, 5-23
V$SORT SEGMENT view, 11-50
V$SORT_USER view, 11-50
V$TEMP_EXTENT_MAP view, 11-50
V$TEMP_EXTENT_POOL view, 11-50
V$TEMP_SPACE_HEADER view, 11-50
V$TEMPFILE view, 11-50
V$THREAD view, 7-20
V$TIMEZONE_NAMES view
time zone table information, 2-29
V$TRANSACTION view
undo tablespaces information, 13-12
V$UNDOSTAT view
statistics for undo tablespaces, 13-12
V$VERSION view, 1-10
varrays
storage parameters for, 14-12
verifying blocks
redo log files, 7-18
views
creating, 20-2
creating with errors, 20-4
Database Resource Manager, 27-31
DATABASE_PROPERTIES, 2-25
DBA_RESUMABLE, 14-21
displaying dependencies of, 21-34
dropping, 20-10
file mapping views, 12-23
for monitoring datafiles, 12-28
FOR UPDATE clause and, 20-3
join. See join views.
location transparency using, 29-26
managing, 20-2, 20-11
managing privileges with, 29-28
name resolution in distributed databases, 28-42
ORDER BY clause and, 20-3
privileges, 20-2
privileges for dropping, 20-10
privileges for recompiling, 21-25
privileges to replace, 20-10
recompiling, 21-25
remote object security, 29-28
tables, 15-40
USER_RESUMABLE, 14-21
V$ARCHIVE, 8-23
V$ARCHIVE_DEST, 8-13
V$DATABASE, 8-24
V$LOG, 7-20, 8-23
V$LOG_HISTORY, 7-20
V$LOGFILE, 7-17, 7-20
V$OBJECT_USAGE, 16-21
V$THREAD, 7-20
wildcards in, 20-4
WITH CHECK OPTION, 20-3

W

wildcards
in views, 20-4
Windows operating system
OS audit trail, 26-2, 26-9
WORM devices
and read-only tablespaces, 11-27

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